'''Indian Farmer Suicides''' refers to an epidemic of at least 250,000 Indian farmers who committed suicide beginning in the late 1990s.<ref>[http://www.heraldscotland.com/news/world-news/250-000-farmers-have-committed-suicide-and-chemical-intensive-methods-have-devastated-the-land-now-india-s-poorest-women-are-growing-a-quiet-revolution-seeds-of-hope-1.1101502?localLinksEnabled=false 250,000 farmers have committed suicide and chemical-intensive methods have devastated the land Now India’s poorest women are growing a quiet revolution Seeds of hope]," ''Herald Scotland'', May 15, 2011, Accessed May 15, 2011.</ref>

==Resources and articles==
===Related Sourcewatch articles===


===References===
<references/>

===External Resources===

=== External Articles ===
* [http://www.heraldscotland.com/news/world-news/250-000-farmers-have-committed-suicide-and-chemical-intensive-methods-have-devastated-the-land-now-india-s-poorest-women-are-growing-a-quiet-revolution-seeds-of-hope-1.1101502?localLinksEnabled=false 250,000 farmers have committed suicide and chemical-intensive methods have devastated the land Now India’s poorest women are growing a quiet revolution Seeds of hope]," ''Herald Scotland'', May 15, 2011.
* [http://www.democracynow.org/2011/5/11/every_30_minutes_crushed_by_debt "Every 30 Minutes": Crushed by Debt and Neoliberal Reforms, Indian Farmers Commit Suicide at Staggering Rate], ''Democracy Now!'' May 11, 2011.
* "[http://www.guardian.co.uk/global-development/poverty-matters/2011/may/11/organic-farming-india-future-incomes-yields Organic farming – India's future perfect?]," ''The Guardian'', May 11, 2011.

[[category:Agriculture]][[category:Food Sovereignty]][[category:Green Revolution]]

The '''Global Land Grab''' is the "global rush to buy up or lease farmlands abroad as a strategy to secure basic food supplies or simply for profit."<ref>[http://farmlandgrab.org/ Food Crisis and the Global Land Grab], Accessed May 15, 2011.</ref>

==Resources and articles==
===Related Sourcewatch articles===


===References===
<references/>

===External Resources===
* [http://farmlandgrab.org/ Food Crisis and the Global Land Grab]

=== External Articles ===
* Mike Eckel, "[http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2011/05/13/the_great_asian_land_grab The Great Asian Land Grab: How a World Bank program helped displace tens of thousands of urban poor. ]," ''Foreign Policy'', May 13, 2011.
* Neil MacFarquhar, "[http://www.nytimes.com/2010/12/22/world/africa/22mali.html?pagewanted=1&_r=3&hp African Farmers Displaced as Investors Move In]," ''New York Times'', December 21, 2010.

[[category:Agriculture]][[category:Food Sovereignty]]

{{#badges:stub}}
'''Public Interest Research Groups''' (PIRGs) are non-profit groups that advocate for the public interest. They typically work in areas like health, safety, environment, public welfare and ethical operation of government. They work to hold elected official to high ethical standards, close unfair legal loopholes that disadvantage average citizens, work to achieve affordable health care, promote greater voter participation, hold manufacturers accountable for the safety of their products and other topics that help keep citizens safe and treated fairly. <ref>United States Public Interest Research Group [http://www.uspirg.org/results Results], list of achievements, organizational web site, accessed May 15 2011</ref>

State-level PIRGs are part of a national federation of PIRGs called [[United States Public Interest Research Group]], or U.S. PIRG.

The mission statement of the U.S. PIRG, states, "When consumers are cheated, or the voices of ordinary citizens are drowned out by special interest lobbyists, U.S. PIRG speaks up and takes action." PIRGS expose threats to public health and well-being and fight to end them, use tools like investigative research media expose's, grassroots organizing, advocacy and litigation to help protect public health, encourage a fair, sustainable economy, and foster responsive, democratic government.<ref>U.S. Public Interest Research Group [http://www.uspirg.org/about-us/mission Mission Statement], organizational web site, accessed May 15, 2011</ref>

==Sourcewatch resources==
*[[United States Public Interest Research Group]]
*[[New York Public Interest Research Group]]
*[[Vermont Public Interest Research Group]]

==External resources==

* Website of U.S. PIRG: ww.uspirg.org/

==Contact==
The Federation of State PIRGs <br>
44 Winter Street, 4th Floor <br>
Boston, Massachusetts 02108<br>
Phone: (617) 747-4370<br>

==References==
<references/>

[[Category:Organizations]][[Category:Public health]]

{{CoalSwarm}}'''The Bolt Report''' is a weekly current affairs program hosted by climate sceptic [[Andrew Bolt]] and broadcast on the [[Ten Network]]. Bolt's program, ''The Bolt Report'', first aired on May 8, 2011 at 10am. "It will be like my blog, made for television," Bolt said. "We'll be talking politics, the media and pop culture. We'll cut through the spin and have a laugh. We plan to be unpredictable," he said.<ref>Colin Vickery, [http://www.heraldsun.com.au/ipad/bolt-to-make-his-mark-on-the-box/story-fn6bfmgc-1226035614429 "Bolt to make his mark on the box"], ''Herald Sun'', April 08, 2011.</ref>

==Bolt and Gina Rinehart==

In November 2010 it was announced that Australia's richest person, mining magnate [[Gina Rinehart]], had bought a 10% shareholding in the television company [[Ten Network Holdings]]. Announcing the shareholding in a media statement, Rinehart's company stated that "our company group is interested in making an investment towards the media business given its importance to the nation's future and has selected Channel 10 for this investment."<ref>Colin Kruger and Barry FitzGerald, [http://www.smh.com.au/business/media-and-marketing/rinehart-digs-out-a-chunk-of-channel-10-20101122-1845g.html "Rinehart digs out a chunk of Channel 10"], ''Sydney Morning Herald'', November 23, 2010.</ref> In a media release Ten announced that Rinehart would join the board following the company's December Annual General Meeting.<ref name="Ten">Ten Network Holdings, [http://tencorporate.com.au/lib/pdf/2010/GinaRineharttojoinTenHoldingsBoard.pdf "Gina Rinehart to Join Ten Holdings Board"], Media Release, November 26, 2010.</ref>

In one of his columns, Bolt posed the question why Rinehart would invest in Ten. "It is because the shares are cheap? Because there's big money in Simpsons re-runs? Because Channel 10 is going places now that James Packer has an 18 per cent share, to be split with friend Lachlan Murdoch? If that were all, I wouldn't bore you. But my strong and not entirely uninformed hunch is that much bigger issues are at play involving our country's future and threats to the wealth we've taken for granted. I can't disclose just why I suspect that, but read for yourself a clue in the terse statement put out by Rinehart's Hancock Prospecting on Monday: 'Our company group is interested in making an investment towards the media business given its importance to the nation's future and has selected Channel 10 for this investment'. Rinehart is on a mission. Channel 10 is just the vehicle," he wrote.<ref name="Bolt">Andrew Bolt, [http://www.heraldsun.com.au/opinion/channel-ten-stake-a-mine-game/story-e6frfhqf-1225959741474 "Mining magnate Gina Rineheart stakes a claim on Channel 10"], ''The Australian'', November 24, 2010.</ref>

"I have no idea what Rinehart hopes now to do to Ten, if anything. Nor could I guess what chances she'd have of turning it into, say, an Australian Fox News, even if she wanted to. What would Packer say? What would Murdoch, son of the Fox News owner? But I do have an idea of what worries Rinehart about our future. The fact is that even in these green times 40 per cent of all we earn through exports comes from mines. That includes more than $50 billion a year from iron ore, and $55 billion from the coal trade that the Greens vow to phase out for being 'dirty'," he wrote.<ref name="Bolt"/>

A few months later it was reported that Channel Ten had recorded a pilot program hosted by Bolt. Amanade Meade reported that "sources said a keen advocate of the show was Ten board member and Australia's richest woman, Gina Rinehart, who is a fan of Bolt's work. Ms Rinehart has also been heard to complain about the alleged left-wing bias of Ten's popular 7PM Project, and to say the network needs a right-wing Fox News-style show in its line-up."<ref>Amanda Meade, [http://www.theaustralian.com.au/business/media/ten-grooming-bolt-for-talk-show-debut/story-e6frg996-1226033616968 "Ten grooming Bolt for talk show debut"], ''The Australian'', April 05, 2011.</ref> The following month Bolt's new program went to air.

==Articles and resources==
===References===
{{reflist|2}}

===Related SourceWatch articles===
*[[Australia and coal]]
*[[Climate change sceptics]]

===External resources===


===External articles===


[[Category:Australia]]

{{#badges: CoalSwarm|Navbar-Canadacoal}} The '''Quintette mining project''' is primarily owned by [[Teck Coal]] and is located in northern British Columbia, Canada, approximately 20 kilometres south of the town of Tumbler Ridge. The mine had previously operated for a period of nearly 18 years up until 2000. Teck is pursuing plans to restart the mine, for approximate steelmaking coal production of 3.0 million tonnes per year. Feasibility study results are expected to be completed by mid 2011, and the mine could be in production by 2013.<ref>[http://www.teck.com/Generic.aspx?PAGE=Teck+Site%2fDiversified+Mining+Pages%2fCoal+Pages%2fQuintette&portalName=tc "Quintette"], Teck Coal website, accessed May 2011.</ref>

==Articles and resources==
===References===
{{reflist|2}}

===Related SourceWatch articles===
*[[Canada and coal]]

===External resources===


===External articles===


[[Category:Canada]][[Category:Existing coal mines in Canada]][[Category:Proposed coal mines in Canada]]
{{stub}}

{{#badges: CoalSwarm|Navbar-Canadacoal}} '''Line Creek Mine''' is primarily owned by [[Teck Coal]] and is located approximately 25 kilometres north of Sparwood in southeastern British Columbia. Line Creek supplies steelmaking and thermal coal to a variety of international and domestic customers. The Line Creek property consists of 8,183 hectares, of which approximately 2,267 hectares are being mined or are scheduled for mining. The annual production capacities of the mine are approximately 3.5 million tons. At 2010 production rates, Line Creek has an estimated remaining reserve life of approximately 15 years.<ref> [http://www.teck.com/Generic.aspx?PAGE=Teck+Site%2fDiversified+Mining+Pages%2fCoal+Pages%2fLine+Creek&portalName=tc "Line Creek"], Teck Coal website, accessed May 2011.</ref>

==Articles and resources==
===References===
{{reflist|2}}

===Related SourceWatch articles===
*[[Canada and coal]]

===External resources===


===External articles===


[[Category:Canada]][[Category:Existing coal mines in Canada]]
{{stub}}

{{#badges: CoalSwarm|Navbar-Canadacoal}} '''Greenhills Mine''' is primarily owned by [[Teck Coal]] and is located eight kilometres northeast of the community of Elkford, in southeastern British Columbia. The minesite is 11,806 hectares, of which approximately 2,265 hectares have been mined or are scheduled for mining. Greenhills is operated under a joint venture agreement among Teck, POSCO Canada Limited (“POSCAN”) and POSCAN’s parent, POSCO. Teck has an 80% interest in the joint venture while POSCAN has a 20% interest.

Coal mined at Greenhills is primarily steelmaking coal, with annual production capacities of 4.5 million tons. Proven and probable reserves at Greenhills are projected to support mining at 2010 production rates for a further 18 years.<ref> [http://www.teck.com/Generic.aspx?PAGE=Teck+Site%2fDiversified+Mining+Pages%2fCoal+Pages%2fGreenhills&portalName=tc "Greenhills"], Teck Coal website, accessed May 2011.</ref>

==Articles and resources==
===References===
{{reflist|2}}

===Related SourceWatch articles===
*[[Canada and coal]]

===External resources===


===External articles===


[[Category:Canada]][[Category:Existing coal mines in Canada]]
{{stub}}

{{#badges: CoalSwarm|Navbar-Canadacoal}} '''Fording River Mine''' is owned by [[Teck Coal]] and is located 29 kilometres northeast of the community of Elkford, in southeastern British Columbia. The mine is 20,304 hectares of coal lands, of which 4,263 hectares have been mined or are scheduled for mining. The coal is primarily steelmaking coal, with annual production capacities of approximately 8.7 million and 10.0 million tons. Proven and probable reserves at Fording River are projected to allow for mining at 2010 production rates for a further 33 years.<ref> [http://www.teck.com/Generic.aspx?PAGE=Teck+Site%2fDiversified+Mining+Pages%2fCoal+Pages%2fFording+River&portalName=tc "Fording River"], Teck Coal website, accessed May 2011.</ref>

==Articles and resources==
===References===
{{reflist|2}}

===Related SourceWatch articles===
*[[Canada and coal]]

===External resources===


===External articles===


[[Category:Canada]][[Category:Existing coal mines in Canada]]
{{stub}}

{{#badges: CoalSwarm|Navbar-Canadacoal}}'''Elkview Mine''' is primarily owned by [[Teck Coal]] and is located approximately three kilometres east of Sparwood in southeastern British Columbia. Teck has a 95% partnership interest in the Elkview mine. The remaining 5% is held equally by [[Nippon Steel]] Corporation and [[POSCO]], a Korean steel producer, each of which acquired a 2.5% interest in 2005 for US$25 million.

The mine is 27,054 hectares of coal lands of which 3,599 hectares have been mined or are scheduled for mining. Elkview is primarily steelmaking coal, and a small amount of thermal coal. The annual production capacities of the mine and preparation plan are approximately 5.6 million and 6.5 milllion tons. At 2010 production rates, the Elkview mine is estimated to have a remaining reserve life of approximately 41 years.<ref> [http://www.teck.com/Generic.aspx?PAGE=Teck+Site%2fDiversified+Mining+Pages%2fCoal+Pages%2fElkview&portalName=tc "Elkview"], Teck Coal website, accessed May 2011.</ref>

==Articles and resources==
===References===
{{reflist|2}}

===Related SourceWatch articles===
*[[Canada and coal]]

===External resources===


===External articles===


[[Category:Canada]][[Category:Existing coal mines in Canada]]
{{stub}}

{{#badges: CoalSwarm|Navbar-Canadacoal}}'''Coal Mountain Mine''' is owned by [[Teck Coal]] and is located 30 kilometres southeast of Sparwood in southeastern British Columbia. The site is 3,836 hectares of coal lands, of which approximately 1,016 hectares are being mined or are scheduled for mining. Coal Mountain produces both steelmaking and thermal coal. The current annual production capacities of the mine and preparation plant are 2.9 and 3.5 million tons, respectively.<ref> [http://www.teck.com/Generic.aspx?PAGE=Teck+Site%2fDiversified+Mining+Pages%2fCoal+Pages%2fCoal+Mountain&portalName=tc "Coal Mountain"], Teck Coal website, accessed May 2011.</ref>

==Articles and resources==
===References===
{{reflist|2}}

===Related SourceWatch articles===
*[[Canada and coal]]

===External resources===


===External articles===


[[Category:Canada]][[Category:Existing coal mines in Canada]]
{{stub}}

{{#badges: CoalSwarm|Navbar-Canadacoal}}
The '''Cheviot Mine''' was first proposed in 1996 and reviewed by federal-provincial hearings in 1997 and 2000, but was not developed due its poor economics and public opposition. In 1997, Ottawa papers reported that the federal government had delayed their decision on Cheviot while they "worked on a strategy to sell the controversial project to the public." Canada Mining Watch are concerned that the mine would irreparably harm a World Heritage Site, silence springs at Mountain Park, and destroy prime grizzly bear habitat in Alberta. Despite the parent companies' April 2003 announcement that they wouldn't be going ahead with Cheviot, they later proceeded with plans for a different mine project. Rather than the self-contained mine that was previously reviewed by a federal-provincial panel, they are pushing ahead with developing Cheviot as a satellite of their [[Luscar Mine]] located 22 kms to the north.<ref>[http://www.miningwatch.ca/en/backgrounder-cheviot-mine "BACKGROUNDER: Cheviot Mine"] MiningWatch Canada, April 14, 2004.</ref>

Despite opposition, the Cheviot coal mine opened in 2005, next to Jasper National Park. Owner [[Teck Coal]] digs up an estimated 3 million tonnes of coal per year for about 20 years. Coal is trucked to the Luscar mine site where it is cleaned and loaded onto railway cars for export to Asian steel mills, using [[Westshore Terminals]] in British Columbia.<ref>[http://wikimapia.org/1938490/Cheviot-coal-mine "Cheviot coal mine"] Wikimapia, accessed May 2011.</ref><ref>[http://www.westshore.com/mines.html/ "Westshore Terminals: The Mines"] Westshore Terminals Website, accessed April 2011.</ref>


==Resources==
===References===
{{reflist|2}}

===Related SourceWatch articles===
*[[Fortune Minerals]]

===External resources===
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coal_phase_out "Coal phase out,"] Wikipedia

[[Category:Canada]][[Category:National and international coal profiles]][[Category:Existing coal mines in Canada]]
{{stub}}

{{#badges: CoalSwarm|Navbar-FinancingCoal}} The '''Export-Import Bank of the United States''' (Ex-Im) is a U.S. federal government agency which describes its mission as "to assist in financing the export of U.S. goods and services to international markets" by providing "export financing products that fill gaps in trade financing. We assume credit and country risks that the private sector is unable or unwilling to accept."<ref name="Mission">Export-Import Bank of the United States, [http://www.exim.gov/about/mission.cfm "Mission"], Export-Import Bank of the United States website, accessed June 2010.</ref>

The bank states that it "provides working capital guarantees (pre-export financing); export credit insurance; and loan guarantees and direct loans (buyer financing)."<ref name="Mission"/>

==Ex-Im Bank Finances Coal Plants==
===Background===
In 2004, the Ex-Im Bank adopted "global environmental standards," and in 2009 the bank adopted a carbon policy. Yet according to a recently released [[Government Accountability Office]] (GAO) report, more than 95% of Ex-Im's energy portfolio is based on fossil fuels, and in 2009 Ex-Im Bank financing for [[renewable energy]] was less than .5% of the agency's total financing. The US Ex-Im Bank Board is expected to take up a "due diligence" vote on Kusile by the end of 2010.<ref>[http://www.sustainablebusiness.com/index.cfm/go/news.display/id/20838 "US Ex-Im Bank May Fund Giant Coal Plants in South Africa, India"] Sustainable Business News, August 11, 2010.</ref>
===Sasan Ultra Mega Power Project===
In June 2010, the Ex-Im rejected a loan guarantee to India-based [[Reliance Industries]] to buy $600 million in equipment from Wisconsin-based Bucyrus for the coal-fired 4,000 megawatt (MW) [[Sasan Ultra Mega Power Project]], proposed in India, and then reversed its decision. The initial rejection was in part due to the bank instituting a formal carbon policy in November 2009, in response to environmental concerns. Days after turning down the request by Reliance, however, state Democrats complained that 1,000 jobs would be lost if the deal didn’t go through, and on the eve of a visit from President Obama to Wisconsin, the bank asked Reliance to submit a revised bid that added a pledge to build “among the largest renewable projects built in India to date” with the help of American green tech. The bank calls the situation “a win-win” for the environment and exporters. Some environmentalists call it [[greenwashing]]. “They collapsed like a wet paper bag,” says Doug Norlen of the nonprofit group Pacific Environment. Ex-Im is now considering an even bigger coal project, the [[Kusile Power Station]], in South Africa.<ref>[http://www.newsweek.com/2010/07/16/it-s-not-easy-being-green.html "It’s Not Easy Being Green"] Newsweek, July 16, 2010.</ref>

===Kusile Power Station===
On April 14, 2011, Black & Veatch Corp. won preliminary approval for $805.6 million in financing from the U.S. Export-Import Bank for the [[Kusile Power Station]], proposed for South Africa's Mpumalanga Province. The project will include six units and have a total capacity of 4,800 megawatts. The Kusile Power Station and the [[Sasan Ultra Mega Power Project]], proposed in India, would be two of the world's largest coal-fired power plants.

The Ex-Im Bank's approval brought immediate criticism from environmental groups. “Ex-Im Bank directors’ decision to support Kusile was made despite their full knowledge of the unacceptable damage the project will cause,” said Sunita Dubey, U.S. representative of Groundwork South Africa, a group opposing Kusile. They “disregarded the impact on people’s health and livelihoods.”<ref>[http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-04-14/south-african-coal-plant-wins-u-s-backing-over-environmentalist-protests.html "South African Coal Plant Wins U.S. Backing Over Environmentalist Protests"] Mark Drajem, Bloomberg, April 14, 2011.</ref><ref>[http://online.wsj.com/article/BT-CO-20110414-713612.html "Ex-Im Bank Gives Preliminary Approval For $800M Loan To South Africa Power Plant"] Wall Street Journal, April 14, 2011.</ref>

August 11, 2010, had marked the comment deadline for the Environmental Impact Assessment on the Kusile project. US citizens submitted nearly 7,500 public comments in opposition to the US government's contribution to the project and its environmental impacts, including annually emitting more than 150% of the annual [[carbon dioxide]] emissions from projects supported by the Ex-Im Bank in 2009.<ref>[http://www.sustainablebusiness.com/index.cfm/go/news.display/id/20838 "US Ex-Im Bank May Fund Giant Coal Plants in South Africa, India"] Sustainable Business News, August 11, 2010.</ref>

==Personnel==
*[[James Lambright]], President (nominated February 13, 2006)
*[[Linda Mysliwy Conlin]], First Vice President ([http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2006/06/20060622-7.html nominated June 22, 2006])
*[[J. Joseph Grandmaison]], Member, Board of Directors ([http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2006/06/20060622-7.html nominated June 22, 2006])
*[[Bijan Rafiekian]], Member ([http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2006/07/20060721-4.html nomination sent to U.S. Senate July 21, 2006], vice Linda Mysliwy Conlin

==Contact details==
Headquarters:<br>
811 Vermont Avenue, N.W.<br>
Washington, DC 20571<br>
Telephone: 202 565-3946 (EXIM)<br>
Toll-Free: 800 565-3946 (EXIM)<br>
FAX: 202 565-3210<br>
URL: http://www.exim.gov/<br>

==Articles and Resources==
===Sources===
<references/>

===Related SourceWatch Resources===
*[[banking]]
*[[Kenneth D. Brody]] - former president

=== External links ===
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Export-Import_Bank_of_the_United_States "Export-Import Bank of the United States"] in ''Wikipedia''.
*[http://www.hoovers.com/free/co/factsheet.xhtml?&ID=131718&abforward=true Profile: "Export-Import Bank of the United States"] at ''Hoovers.com''.

[[Category:Banking industry]]

{{#badges: CoalSwarm|Navbar-Canadacoal}} '''Pioneer Coal''' is part of the Nova Construction group of companies with head offices in Antigonish, Nova Scotia - a maritime province of Canada. Pioneer Coal and related companies operate two surface coal mines ([[Stellarton Mine]] and [[Coalburn Mine]]) and have had mining operations at five other sites since the 1980s. After calls for public proposals, the Province of Nova Scotia, in May 2004, accepted Pioneer Coal’s bid for two surface mining projects in the Sydney, Cape Breton coalfields.<ref>[http://wtonetwork.com/canada/coalmining/pioneercoal.html "Pioneer Coal"] Canadian Mining Companies and Supplier Directory, accessed May 2011.</ref> In 2006, Pioneer Coal began a controversial [[coal mine reclamation]] project in Nova Scotia.<ref name=cbp>[http://www.capebretonpost.com/News/2011-04-11/article-2419165/Residents-frustrated-with-mine-activity-prepared-to-walk-away/1 "Residents frustrated with mine activity prepared to walk away"] The Cape Breton Post, April 11, 2011.</ref>

==Reclamation of Prince Mine==
In 2001, the company Devco closed the last of its mines - the Prince Mine at Point Aconi - in part because the high sulphur coal could not be burned in the new Point Aconi generating plant built next door. In 2003, the mineral rights to the coal on Devco properties across the region were transferred to the province. The province then issued a call for proposals from mining companies for the "exploration, development and reclamation" of 4 million tons of the Sydney coalfield that may be extracted by strip mining, including 29,000 acres of Boularderie Island, Point Aconi, the Bras d'Or Lakes, New Waterford, Gardiner Mines, Dominion, Donkin, Birch Grove, Port Morien and Broughton, according to the government's maps - over 14 sites in total.<ref name=casm>[http://www.c-a-s-m.org/index.htm "Home"] Citizens Against Strip Mining, accessed May 2011.</ref>

Pioneer Coal's proposal to strip-mine 1.6 million tons of coal over a 7 year period (until 2013) near the old Prince Mine in Point Aconi was approved in 2006, including extracting the coal to sell to [[Nova Scotia Power]] with a royalty paid to the province for each ton of coal removed. The cleanup of the former [[Devco]] property covers 115 hectares. The project was approved despite reported opposition from 76% of residents polled in a municipal survey and the region's elected representatives and candidates from all levels of government and political parties and First Nations. Opponents raised concerns that strip mining in a wetland requires draining millions of gallons of water from the surrounding area, with many of the sites close to water reservoirs and sensitive wetland areas.<ref name=casm/>

In 2006, Pioneer Coal began the surface [[coal mine reclamation]] project in Nova Scotia. Opposition continued: some residents are contemplating leaving because of ongoing controlled blasts from the mine site, saying the blasts feel like an earthquake.<ref name=cbp>[http://www.capebretonpost.com/News/2011-04-11/article-2419165/Residents-frustrated-with-mine-activity-prepared-to-walk-away/1 "Residents frustrated with mine activity prepared to walk away"] The Cape Breton Post, April 11, 2011.</ref> The group Citizens Against Strip Mining say Pioneer Coal is destroying wetland under the pretext of "cleaning up" Devco's old Prince Mine, while the government approved "Community Liaison Committee" has done little to address community concerns. In response, under the Nova Scotia Environment Act, Citizens Against Strip Mining have launched an appeal of the Minister's approval of the project to the NS Supreme Court.<ref name=casm/>

The province imposed a three-year moratorium on surface mine reclamations after approving Pioneer Coal's project at the former Prince Mine, and extended the ban on new surface mines in 2009 for another three years - what happens at the old Prince Mine may determine the future of other potential "reclamation" projects.<ref name=cbp/>

==Citizen Groups==
* [http://www.c-a-s-m.org/news.htm Citizens Against Strip Mining]

==Address==
Drummond Road<br>
Westville, NS B2G 2L7, Canada<br>
(902) 396-4149<br>

==Resources==
===References===
{{reflist|2}}

===Related SourceWatch articles===
*[[Fortune Minerals]]

===External resources===
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coal_phase_out "Coal phase out,"] Wikipedia

[[Category:Canada]][[Category:National and international coal profiles]]
{{stub}}

'''Bt Cotton''' is a variety of cotton that has been [[genetically engineered]] to produce an insecticide ([[Bacillus thuringiensis]] or [[Bt]] toxin) in every cell.

==Articles and resources==

===Related SourceWatch articles===
* [[Biotechnology]]
* [[Genetic Engineering]]
* [[Monsanto]]

===References===
<references/>

===External resources===

===External articles===
* [http://farmandranchfreedom.org/GMO-Vlieger-Dust-Study Is there more to the story on GMOs?], Howard Vlieger, Farm and Ranch Freedom Alliance.


{{stub}}
[[category:Biotechnology]][[category:Genetically Modified Organisms]][[category:Agriculture]]

'''Bt Eggplant''' (called Bt Brinjal in India) is an eggplant that has been [[genetically engineered]] to produce an insecticide ([[Bacillus thuringiensis]] or [[Bt]] toxin) in every cell. Bt eggplant was developed by the [[Monsanto]] subsidiary [[Mahyco]], which applied for GE eggplant to be permitted to be grown commercially in India and the Philippines.<ref>[http://news.agropages.com/News/NewsDetail---3369.htm India: Signs of food toxicity in GE eggplant]," AgroNews, January 18, 2011, Accessed May 13, 2011.</ref>

==Articles and resources==

===Related SourceWatch articles===
* [[Biotechnology]]
* [[Genetic Engineering]]
* [[Monsanto]]
* [[Bayer CropScience]]
* [[DuPont]]
* [[Pioneer Hi-Bred]]

===References===
<references/>

===External resources===

===External articles===
* Rudy A. Fernandez , "[http://www.philstar.com/Article.aspx?articleId=658993&publicationSubCategoryId=77 Anti-GMO activists destroy Bt eggplants]," The Philippine Star, February 20, 2011.
* [http://news.agropages.com/News/NewsDetail---3369.htm India: Signs of food toxicity in GE eggplant]," AgroNews, January 18, 2011.
* [http://farmandranchfreedom.org/GMO-Vlieger-Dust-Study Is there more to the story on GMOs?], Howard Vlieger, Farm and Ranch Freedom Alliance.


{{stub}}
[[category:Biotechnology]][[category:Genetically Modified Organisms]][[category:Agriculture]]

{{#badges: ToxicSludge}}'''ORGRO High Organic Compost''' is a [[sewage sludge]] "compost" manufactured at the [[Baltimore City Composting Facility]] and marketed through [[Veolia Water North America]].<ref>[http://www.orgro.cc/product/index.html Baltimore City Composting Facility], Accessed May 13, 2011.</ref> Hundreds of communities across the U.S. sell toxic sludge products that are typically renamed [[biosolids]] and sold or given away as "fertilizer" or "compost" (and often even labeled or marketed as "natural" or "organic"). ORGRO is marketed as "high organic compost," a term that likely implies high organic matter content but may be interpreted by some as USDA-certified organic.<ref>[http://www.orgro.cc/about/index.html Baltimore City Composting Facility], Accessed November 13, 2010.</ref> USDA organic standards prohibit the use of sewage sludge in organic agriculture. ORGRO is sold as ORGRO Premium Compost, ORGRO Whole Compost, and ORGRO Mulch.<ref>[http://www.orgro.cc/product/useProduct.html How to Use ORGRO], Accessed November 13, 2010.</ref> It is also marketed as Eckology and BioCom.<ref>Robin Davidov, [http://wasteage.com/mag/waste_composting_baltimore_city/ COMPOSTING: Baltimore City Turns Biosolids into Composting Success], Waste Age, July 1, 1999, Accessed May 13, 2011.</ref>

ORGRO meets the [[EPA]] requirements for [[Class A Biosolids]], which regulate 10 heavy metals, [[salmonella]], and [[fecal coliform]], but do not regulate thousands of other contaminants that may be found in sewage sludge. The sewage sludge in ORGRO come from the [[Back River Waste Water Treatment Plant]] in Baltimore, Maryland. It is sold in bulk to "topsoil manufacturers, nurserymen, contractors, landscapers, golf courses, and commercial growers throughout Maryland, the District of Columbia, Virginia, West Virginia, Pennsylvania and New York."<ref>[http://www.orgro.cc/product/index.html Baltimore City Composting Facility], Accessed May 13, 2011.</ref> In 2008, Orgro was involved in a controversy when it was discovered that federal scientists spread it on the yards of poor, black families in Baltimore without informing the families of the potential risks of sewage sludge.<ref>Joel Bleifuss, "The sewage sludge industry meets the light of day," ''In These Times'', June 2008.</ref> For more on this, see the article on [[Poor Black Baltimore Families Used as Human Guinea Pigs in Sludge Study]].


== Production Process ==
ORGRO is made from sewage sludge from [[Back River Waste Water Treatment Plant]] in Baltimore, MD.<ref>[http://www.orgro.cc/product/index.html Product Information], Accessed November 13, 2010.</ref> The compost product itself is produced at the Baltimore City Composting Facility (BCCF). The facility produces 75,000 cubic yards of compost per year. According to its website:<ref>[http://www.orgro.cc/about/index.html Baltimore City Composting Facility], Accessed November 13, 2010.</ref>
:"The technology utilized at the BCCF consists of a modified [[Paygro]] in-vessel, agitated bed composting system. The in-feed mix is composted in the reactors and actively oxygenated through negative and positive aeration. During the retention time in the reactors, the in-feed mixture temperatures are continuously monitored and controlled using a dynamic programmable logic computer program. The compost is turned (‘fluffed’) within the reactor cell to further agitate and aerate the mix and ensure homogeneity. The compost is removed from the reactor cells and moved outside the reactor building where the material is placed in aerated static piles (windrows) and blanketed with stabilized whole compost or screened over-sized material. The compost meets compliance with the EPA’s 40 CFR Part 503 regulations in the extended aerated curing area.

:"Following the completion of the three-day PFRP process, the material is moved to un-aerated static piles where VAR compliance is met. The material continues to cure for the remainder of 30 days following discharge from the reactor cells. After completing the composting cycle, the compost is screened to separate ‘fines’ (our primary product, sold to customers) from ‘overs’ (the large sized wood particles which are then reused in the process as ‘recycle’).

== History ==
The [[Baltimore City Composting Facility]] began operating in March 1988. It was designed, built, and initially operated by [[Research-Cottrell Inc.]] (which later became a subsidiary of [[Aqua Alliance Inc.]]).<ref>Robin Davidov, [http://wasteage.com/mag/waste_composting_baltimore_city/ COMPOSTING: Baltimore City Turns Biosolids into Composting Success], Waste Age, July 1, 1999, Accessed May 13, 2011.</ref> In 1996, [[Professional Services Group]], a subsidiary of Aqua Alliance Inc. that manages more than 150 water, wastewater, and sewage sludge management facilities, took over the operation and maintenance of the facility.

Baltimore's two wastewater treatment plants produced approximately 170,000 wet tons of sludge as of 1999. The Baltimore City Composting Facility was initially designed to handle "up to 210 tons (at 25 percent total solids) of cake biosolids per day, and receive sludge five days per week." The sludge is brought from the wastewater treatment plants to the Baltimore City Composting Facility "where they are mixed with various wood amendments."<ref>Robin Davidov, [http://wasteage.com/mag/waste_composting_baltimore_city/ COMPOSTING: Baltimore City Turns Biosolids into Composting Success], Waste Age, July 1, 1999, Accessed May 13, 2011.</ref> There, the sludge/wood mixture is composted for at least 44 days.

In the mid-1990's, the compost inputs were changed: Professional Services Group "eliminated fresh wood chips and added double-ground pallet wood, sawdust and high carbon wood ash as amendments. This helped PSG maximize the facility's biosolids capacity and increase the percentage of biosolids within the compost mix from 45 percent to 55 percent by weight." This change amounted to a $200,000 savings in costs in fiscal year 1998.

In 1999, a waste industry publication wrote:

:"Approximately 85,000 cubic yards of compost are sold annually with the brand names Eckology in Maryland and [[BioCom]] in Virginia. It also is sold as [[Orgro]] to several outlets in New York to manufacture topsoil, sod and turfgrass; propagate nursery shrubs and trees; and blend with commercial potting soils.

:"The cost of the compost varies, depending on the quantity purchased, from approximately $5 to $9 per cubic yard during peak season, and $3 to $7 per cubic yard during off season."<ref>Robin Davidov, [http://wasteage.com/mag/waste_composting_baltimore_city/ COMPOSTING: Baltimore City Turns Biosolids into Composting Success], Waste Age, July 1, 1999, Accessed May 13, 2011.</ref>

==Articles and resources==

===Related SourceWatch articles===
* [[Sewage sludge]]
* [[Biosolids]]
* [[Food Rights Network]]
* [[Poor Black Baltimore Families Used as Human Guinea Pigs in Sludge Study]]
* [[Sewage sludge giveaways, producers, and brands]]
* [[The EPA's plan to bypass opposition to sewage sludge disposal]]
* [[Water Environment Federation]]
* [[You say biosolids, I say sewage sludge]]

===References===
<references/>

===External resources===

===External articles===
*Marie Kulick, [http://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:iq5DPvuCATkJ:www.iatp.org/iatp/publications.cfm%3FaccountID%3D421%26refID%3D104203+iatp+%22smart+guide+on+sludge%22&hl=en&gl=us&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEESh6oPHYlEh2hd0a_f7JS0iyi1w8BCJi4FpvnLZcUrhRlLsn4yMA3gS4swk7sDraktZYVAjESKtyvU_aCnua0kKag6YVL2KPOUlKU5AIbIKtcXr6DTX4hb696HNMel8RGwHh_p4P&sig=AHIEtbRjHYtAJYFCtAGwuc-NF2MZUs5e0A Smart Guide on Sludge Use and Food Production], Institute for Agriculture and Trade Policy, 2008.
* [http://water.epa.gov/scitech/wastetech/biosolids/biosolids_index.cfm#tnsss Targeted National Sewage Sludge Survey: EPA-822-R-08-016 and EPA-822-R-08-018], EPA, January 2009.
* Environmental Working Group, [http://www.ewg.org/reports/sludgememo Dumping Sewage Sludge On Organic Farms? Why USDA Should Just Say No], April, 1998.
* Environmental Working Group, [http://www.ewg.org/chemindex/term/635 Routes of Exposure sewage sludge: EWG Research on Chemicals in sewage sludge], April 30, 1998.

[[category:sewage sludge products]]

{{#badges: ToxicSludge}}'''Poor Black Baltimore Families Used as Human Guinea Pigs in Sludge Study''': "In 2000, nine Baltimore families -- all black residents of the city's east side -- received food coupons in exchange for permission to allow researchers to spread "[[Class A Biosolids|Class A]]" Baltimore [[sewage sludge]] (brand name, [[Orgro]] High Organic Compost) on their yards, till it into the soil and then plant grass seed.

"The rationale for this experiment was to find out whether municipal sewage sludge could lower the amount of lead that children who played in the nine experimental yards would absorb. [[Veolia Water]], the corporation that markets Baltimore municipal sludge as Orgro, claims its "beneficial [[biosolids]]" are so safe they are even used on the White House lawn.<ref>Joel Bleifuss, "The sewage sludge industry meets the light of day," ''In These Times'', June 2008.</ref>

An Associated Press article provides more information, including that the families "were assured the sludge was safe and were never told about any harmful ingredients."<ref>Associated Press, "Poor nabes target of sludge study," ''Newsday'', April 14, 2008.</ref> The study was conducted by the [[USDA]], the [[EPA]], and [[Johns Hopkins University]] over two years, using a $446,231 grant funded by the [[Housing and Urban Development Department]]. The principal investigator in the study had a joint appointment with the [[Bloomberg School of Health]] at Johns Hopkins and the [[Kennedy Krieger Institute]] in Baltimore.<ref>Farai Chideya, "Sewage Sludge Research Spurs Cries of Racism," News & Notes, National Public Radio (NPR), April 24, 2008.</ref> The study was published in 2005. Due to privacy concerns, the study participants (the Baltimore families) were not identified. However, "there is no evidence of any medical follow-up" by the government after exposing the families to sewage sludge.

Researchers claimed that "the sludge... put the children at less risk of brain or nerve damage from lead. A highly toxic element once widely used in gasoline and paint, lead has been shown to cause brain damage among children who ate lead-based paint that had flaked off their homes." They added that "the phosphate and iron in the sludge can bind to lead and other hazardous metals in the soil, allowing the combination to pass safely through a child's body if eaten."<ref>Associated Press, "Poor nabes target of sludge study," ''Newsday'', April 14, 2008.</ref>

The AP adds:

:"There has been little research, meanwhile, into possible harmful effects of heavy metals, pharmaceuticals, other chemicals and disease-causing microorganisms often found in sludge. A series of reports by the EPA's inspector general and the National Academy of Sciences between 1996 and 2002 faulted the adequacy of the science behind the EPA's 1993 regulations on sludge."<ref>Associated Press, "Poor nabes target of sludge study," ''Newsday'', April 14, 2008.</ref>

== Associated Press Investigation ==
John Heilprin, who co-authored the AP story, said, "Well, at root, the problem that I see is that the material in question that the used, no one can prove that the material is safe. That's the essence of it."<ref>Farai Chideya, "Sewage Sludge Research Spurs Cries of Racism," News & Notes, National Public Radio (NPR), April 24, 2008.</ref> Later in the interview he added: "But, you know, at root, all this material that we're talking about in this particular case comes from a waste water treatment plant in Baltimore. Like every other city, it takes in tens of thousands of organic pollutants, heavy metals, pathogens, PCBs, etc. It sends them to processes. This fertilizer we're talking about is a more highly treated form. However, at root, '''nobody can say on any given day what exactly is in this stuff'''." (emphasis added)

He continued, saying:

:"Well, we've been taking a look at sludge for over a year now. And EPA permits two classes of what's called sewage sludge - or [[biosolids]] is the preferred term by the industry - Class A, Class B. The [[Class B biosolids|Class B]] is more commonly used for agricultural products. The Class A, which was used for the study, is more highly treated. And in this case, it is sold at nurseries, hardware stores, at the proponents say, it's used in the White House lawn, or it has been. However, the treatment level is that they kill off indicator pathogens, like E. coli and salmonella. They do not kill all the pathogens. And they kill them to detectable levels, which means that there may be some left. That's the essence of it."

Farai Chideya asked him, "One of the questions that has arisen is the question of consent. You know, when you agree to be part of a study, how do you agree? Do you understand what's going on? What's your understanding of how the people who were approached, the families who were approached, were given information to make a good decision about what they did?"

Heilprin replied, "Well, you know, first of all we try to find the participants and nobody would tell us their identities. We had to send a Freedom of Information Act request to Department of Housing Urban Development to get some documents. The Kennedy Krieger Institute referred all questions to Hopkins. We finally got a few answers from them, but not the participants. So what we were told was that they were given brochures on the dangers of lead contamination, which is a problem in a city like Baltimore, with aging housing. And that they were told that the fertilizer was a commercially grade fertilizer, sold in the state of Maryland and that there wasn't any danger to it."

== Response from Johns Hopkins ==
Dr. [[Michael Klag]], Dean of the [[Bloomberg School of Health]] at [[Johns Hopkins University]] said the study was done in Baltimore because "Baltimore was in an epidemic of lead poisoning. And in the area where this study was done, elevated blood levels in children were 35 to 40 times higher than the national average... Kennedy Krieger Institute was looking at how to prevent this epidemic in the areas that were most affected."<ref>Farai Chideya, "Sewage Sludge Research Spurs Cries of Racism," News & Notes, National Public Radio (NPR), April 24, 2008.</ref>

When asked whether the sludge was safe, he replied to NPR's [[Farai Chideya]], "Let's be clear. The controversy you are referring to refers to sludge, the type B bio-solvent. This is type A. So this is compost that you can buy at any garden store. The state environmental regulations here are much stricter than the EPA and this product was far below those standards. So I think one of the issues was with the initial report is there was confusion between the type A bio solvent and the type B. So the anecdotal reports which have been put out about harm have related to the type B."<ref>Farai Chideya, "Sewage Sludge Research Spurs Cries of Racism," News & Notes, National Public Radio (NPR), April 24, 2008.</ref>

His distinguishing between [[Class A Biosolids]] and [[Class B Biosolids]] is dishonest, as the only differences between Class A and Class B are allowable levels of two pathogens, [[fecal coliform]] and [[salmonella]], and "vector controls" on Class A biosolids. (Vector controls refers to ensuring the sludge does not attract insects or rodents that transmit disease.) Yet he continued, saying: "Well, I think it was inaccurately portrayed in the press. It was portrayed as putting toxic sludge on the lawns of poor people to experiment on them, and it's just not true."

On its website, Johns Hopkins wrote that "In 2005, the results of this groundbreaking study were published in a peer reviewed journal and its success provided a tool to policymakers for cost-effective remediation of lead contaminated soil, in urban neighborhoods."<ref>[http://www.jhsph.edu/publichealthnews/press_releases/2008/soil_study.html Facts About 2000 Soil Study], Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Accessed May 13, 2011.</ref>

It explained the lack of medical follow-up as follows:

:"The research premise was to study by how much the compost could reduce the levels of “bio-accessible” lead in the soil. It was not to study the people affiliated with the study site. All children were required by Baltimore City law to be tested for lead levels by their primary care physician, and the materials given to study participants encouraged them to have their children tested and advised them that they could get free blood testing.

:"Further, there was no need to conduct medical follow-up related to the use of the compost since there was no evidence then, nor now, that this commercially available, general use product posed any health risks."<ref>[http://www.jhsph.edu/publichealthnews/press_releases/2008/soil_study.html Facts About 2000 Soil Study], Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Accessed May 13, 2011.</ref>

John Hopkins said the following about participants consent and compensation:
:"Participants signed a consent form which included very specific detail on the study, including the compost used. As always in such studies, a qualified member of the study team walked through the details of the study with participants, and answered all questions. Participants were given as long as they wanted to decide to allow their yards to be tested.

:"Participants were given $10 gift certificates to local food stores in exchange for allowing treatment of their yards as part of the study. Testing took time and they needed to be home. The gift certificate compensated them for their time – a routine practice in most studies."<ref>[http://www.jhsph.edu/publichealthnews/press_releases/2008/soil_study.html Facts About 2000 Soil Study], Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Accessed May 13, 2011.</ref>

==Articles and resources==

===Related SourceWatch articles===
* [[Sewage sludge]]
* [[Biosolids]]
* [[Food Rights Network]]
* [[Rufus Chaney]]
* [[Orgro]]

===References===
<references/>

===External resources===

===External articles===

{{#badges: CoalSwarm}}

With funding from the World Bank, Kosovo is currently embarking on a power sector strategy that involves closing five outdated generating units by 2015 (the Kosova A plant), cleaning up poorly managed [[coal ash]] dumps produced by those units, and building a new lignite mine and associated generating plant.<Ref name=wb>[http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/COUNTRIES/ECAEXT/KOSOVOEXTN/0,,contentMDK:22473180~menuPK:297775~pagePK:2865066~piPK:2865079~theSitePK:297770,00.html Cleaning Up Kosovo’s Dangerous ‘Black Spot’,] World Bank, accessed May 13, 2011</ref>

==Coal and power companies ==
Kosovo Energy Corporation (KEK) is the sole power corporation in the Republic of Kosova. KEK is vertically integrated and was legally incorporated in 2005. KEK was part of the Yugoslavia power system, and focused in production of energy from coal, with power supplied from plants outside of Kosovo. By the late 1990s, the core business of the Corporation became the production of coal and energy in Kosovo, through two open-cast coal mines - the Mirash mine and Bardh mine - and two power plants, PP “Kosova A” and PP "Kosova B”, which cover the territory of Kosovo. There are approximately 400,000 customers and 8,000 employees in different sectors.<ref name=kek>[http://www.kek-energy.com/en/rrethKek.asp "About KEK"] Kosovo Energy Corporation website, accessed May 2011.</ref>

A 2010 EU report stated that the "legal unbundling of the distribution and supply functions of the Kosovo Energy Corporation (KEK) is due at the end of 2010 with a view to privatisation. Until completion of the new Kosovo power plant project, the other functions will remain integrated in KEK."<ref>[http://www.energy-community.org/portal/page/portal/ENC_HOME/ENERGY_COMMUNITY/EU/UNMIK/2010 "EU report 2010"] Energy Community, EU Report 2010.</ref>

==Coal Mining Operations==

===Sobovc Coal Mine===

Sibovc Coal Mine is located in Obilić, near Pristina.

===Mirash and Bardh Coal Mines===

The Mirash and Bardh open-cast coal mines are lignite coal mines in Kosovo operated by the Kosovo Energy Corporation (KEK).<ref name=kek/>

==Existing coal-fired power stations==

===Kosova A===
This plant was built in the early 1960s, and is located several miles northwest of Pristina. It is operated by Kosovo Energy Corporation (KEK). It is five units and uses coal from the Mirash coal mine.

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===Kosova B===
Kosovo B was built in the early 1980s and is situated a few kilometers from Prishtina/Pristina.<ref>[http://enrin.grida.no/htmls/kosovo/SoE/energy.htm "9.1. Energy Situation"] Kosovo Ministry of Planning, accessed May 2011.</ref> After conflict in Kosovo in the 1990s, the European Agency for Reconstruction (EAR) invited tenders for the rehabilitation of Kosovo power station unit B2. In June 2000, the contract was won by a consortium of [[RWE npower|RWE Power International]].<ref>[http://www.rwe.com/web/cms/mediablob/en/217472/data/216646/1/rwe-power-international/power-generation-services/maintenance-and-workshops-tsg-ferrybridge/outage-management-and-site-projects/RWEs-expertise-more-than-doubles-the-availability-of-Kosovo-B-power-station.pdf "RWE’s expertise more than doubles the availability at Kosovo B power station"] RWE Power Case Study, December 2008.</ref>

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==Plant closures==
The "Energy Strategy of Kosovo" aims for the closure of five outdated generating units by 2015 (the Kosova A plant) by the end of 2015, since the units cannot economically be brought into compliance with the EU Directive for Large Combustion Plants. They would need to be closed by 2017 at the latest, as required under the Energy Community Treaty. In closing the units, Kosovo is being supported by the European Commission in preparing the decommissioning of "Kosovo A" in favor of a new lignite coal plant.<Ref name=wb/>

==Proposal for the New Kosovo power plant==
A 2010 EU report stated that plans for the development of a new Kosovo power plant (using lignite coal) had been reconfigured: "The initial installed capacity will be two units of 200-300 MW, the Sibovc lignite field will be developed immediately and participation in the Kosovo B power plant will be included in the package to be offered to investors with a view to refurbishment. The legal unbundling of the distribution and supply functions of the Kosovo Energy Corporation (KEK) is due at the end of 2010 with a view to privatisation. Until completion of the new Kosovo power plant project, the other functions will remain integrated in KEK."<ref>[http://www.energy-community.org/portal/page/portal/ENC_HOME/ENERGY_COMMUNITY/EU/UNMIK/2010 "EU report 2010"] Energy Community, EU Report 2010.</ref>

The [[World Bank]] is supporting the "Lignite Power Technical Assistance Project" with a World Bank grant of US$10.5 million and a European Commission grant of Euros 2 million, as well as providing "advisory services" for the inclusion of private capital in the new lignite mine and power plant.<Ref name=wb/>

==Articles and Resources==
===Sources===
{{reflist|2}}

===Related SourceWatch articles===
====Europe and coal====
*[[Austria and coal]]
*[[Belgium and coal]]
*[[Bulgaria and coal]]
*[[France and coal]]
*[[Germany and coal]]
*[[Greece and coal]]
*[[Hungary and coal]]
*[[Italy and coal]]
*[[Netherlands and coal]]
*[[Norway and coal]]
*[[Poland and coal]]
*[[United Kingdom and coal]]
*[[World Bank and coal]]

===External Articles===
====Background information====

* European Environment Agency, [http://eper.eea.europa.eu/eper/ European Pollutant Emission Register]. (This has a list of power stations and their current emissions).

{{Stub}}

[[Category:Climate change]]
[[Category:Kosovo]]
[[Category:National and international coal profiles]]

{{#badges: Climate change|CoalSwarm}} '''Nally & Hamilton Enterprises''' is a coal company based in Bardstown, Kentucky. Nally and Hamilton is Kentucky's fourth-largest producer of coal from surface mines, which include [[mountaintop removal]] operations.<ref>Dylan Lovan, [http://www.businessweek.com/ap/financialnews/D9LSFED80.htm "Enviro groups: Ky. coal company falsified reports"] Bloomberg, March 10, 2011.</ref>

==Mines==
* [[Chestnut Flats Mine]]
* [[Collier's Creek Mine]]
* [[Jake's Creek Mine]]
* [[Lewis Creek Mine]]
* [[Mill Branch Mine]]
* Nally & Hamilton Enterprises Peters Knob in Kentucky, which supplies [[Southern Company]]'s [[Plant Bowen]] in Georgia.<ref>[http://www.eia.doe.gov/cneaf/electricity/page/eia906_920.html Energy Information Administration Form 923 for 2009]</ref>
* [[Turkey Branch Mine]]
* [[Wilder Branch Mine]]

==Water violations==
In May 2011, four environmental groups - Appalachian Voices, Kentuckians For The Commonwealth, Kentucky Riverkeeper and the New York-based Waterkeeper Alliance - filed a federal lawsuit against the company, alleging that it falsified state water reports with repetitive or missing information and should face fines and a court action prohibiting future violations.<ref name=dl>Dylan Lovan, [http://www.businessweek.com/ap/financialnews/D9N657BG0.htm "Suit alleges Ky coal co. filed false water reports"] AP, May 12, 2011.</ref>

Over a two-year period beginning in May 2008, the company submitted at least 48 reports on discharged pollutants that repeated the same data submitted in a report for a previous month, the lawsuit says. It also alleges that the company omitted required information from its reporting 68 times over the same time period. The environmental groups said they discovered the alleged violations while reviewing state documents, showing the company cut and pasted data from previous water quality reports instead of performing tests on amounts of iron, manganese and pH levels of water discharges at surface mines in seven southeastern Kentucky counties. Officials investigated Nally & Hamilton's coal mining facilities and contract laboratory, according to the administrative complaint, which says the company could face penalties of $25,000 per day per violation.<ref name=dl/>

The state's Energy and Environment Cabinet filed an administrative complaint against the coal company that alleges more than 4,600 violations of state environmental statutes and regulations. The environmental groups said they "do not consider the (state's administrative) action sufficient to stop the pattern of disregard for the Clean Water Act." The groups filed a similar action in 2010 against two West Virginia coal companies, [[International Coal Group]] and Frasure Creek Mining, which have surface mining operations in Kentucky. In an attempt to resolve the matter, the state proposed a $660,000 settlement that the companies accepted, but the environmental groups are challenging that settlement in court, saying the amount is too low.<ref name=dl/>

==Contact Details==
109 South 4th Street, PO Box 157<br>
Bardstown, Kentucky 40004<br>
Phone: +1 502 348 0084<br>
Website: N/A

==Articles and Resources==
===References===
{{reflist|2}}

===Related SourceWatch Articles===
*[[Kentucky and coal]]
*[[United States and coal]]
*[[Global warming]]
*[[Coal]]

===External Articles===

[[Category:Corporations]]
[[Category:Climate change]]
[[Category:Power companies and agencies in the United States]]

{{CoalSwarm}}'''Georgina "Gina" Hope Rinehart''' (born 9 February 1954 at St John's, Perth, Western Australia) is the Chairman of [[Hancock Prospecting]] Pty Ltd (HPPL), and the daughter of mining magnate [[Lang Hancock]]. In 2011 it was estimated she was Australia's wealthiest person.<ref name="Rich">[http://news.theage.com.au/breaking-news-business/gina-rinehart-tops-australian-rich-list-20110203-1af06.html "Gina Rinehart tops Australian rich list"], ''The Age'', February 3, 2011.</ref>

A subsidiary of HPPL is [[Hancock Coal]] Pty Ltd (HCPL), which is currently seeking to develop the [[Alpha Coal Project]] and the [[Kevin's Corner Project]] in Queensland. Rinehart is a vocal opponent of a carbon tax and a promoter of climate sceptics.<ref name="Monck">Owen Jacques, [http://www.noosanews.com.au/story/2010/01/26/billionaire-backs-monckton-tour/ "Billionaire backs Monckton tour"], ''Noosa News'', January 26th, 2010.</ref> She is also a member of [[Australians for Northern Development & Economic Vision]] (ANDEV), a lobby group promoting major developments in northern Australia.<ref>[http://www.andev-project.org/industry-voice/ "Industry Voice"], Australians for Northern Development & Economic Vision website, accessed May 2011.</ref>

==Early life ==

{{#evp:youtube|Kan_ntBnBWA|ABC TC's ''Hungry Beast'' on Gina Reinhart|right|300}}

Hancock lived with her parents at Nunyerry, 60 kilometers north of Wittenoom in Western Australia until she was four. Wittenoom is best known as the town where the workers from the nearby asbestos mine lived.<ref>[http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article51599956 "She Helped found an empire"], ''Australian_Women's_Weekly'', April 5, 1967, page 2.</ref> She later boarded at St Hilda's Anglican School for Girls in Perth, and afterwards studied economics for one year at Sydney University.<ref name=smh1/>

==Hancock Prospecting==

Following the death of her father in March 1992, Rinehart became Executive Chairman of HPPL and the HPPL Group of companies.<ref name="Ten"/> She commenced an acrimonious legal fight in 1992 with her stepmother, Rose Porteous, over the circumstances of her father's death and control of the Hancock assets. The court cases and negotiations ultimately took 14 years to settle.<ref>[http://www.forbes.com/lists/2007/78/biz_07australia_Gina-Rinehart_BIGN.html "Australia & New Zealand's 40 Richest: #14 Gina Rinehart"], ''Forbes Magazine'', January 2, 2007.</ref>

In March 2011 she was inducted into WA Women’s Hall of Fame. The announcement stated that Rineart "has transformed her family company, Hancock Prospecting, from a small prospecting company to a global mining company. She has contributed financially to a wide variety of causes, from swimming to health and medical research, including the Hancock Family Breast Cancer Foundation in 1993, Princess Margaret Hospital and the Bendat Family Comprehensive Cancer Centre. She has also worked with the [[Mannkal Economic Foundation]], which mentors young West Australians, and has helped Pilbara women artists achieve their dreams. The Hope Educational Scholarship helps Cambodian women and she is a director of the South-East Asian Investigations into Social and Humanitarian Activities."<ref>Hancock Prospecting, [http://www.hancockcoal.com.au/download.cfm?DownloadFile=9951AE83-1372-5CE6-245C8230BD5908C8 "WA Women's Hall of Fame"], Media Release, March 9, 2011.</ref>

==Wealth==

In the 2010 ''BRW'' Rich 200 she was described as "Australia's richest woman", with an estimated net worth at A$4.75.<ref name=smh1>Damien Murphy, [http://www.smh.com.au/lifestyle/people/newsmaker-gina-rinehart-20101126-18ank.html "Newsmaker: Gina Rinehart"], ''Sydney Morning Herald'', November 27, 2010.</ref>.

In 2011 Forbes Asia named her as Australia's richest person, with a net worth of A$9 billion, a rise of A$7 billion from the previous year.<ref name="Rich"/>

==Media interests==

===Channel Ten===

In November 2010 it was announced that Rinehart had bought a 10% shareholding in the television company [[Ten Network Holdings]]. Announcing the shareholding in a media statement, Rinehart's company stated that "our company group is interested in making an investment towards the media business given its importance to the nation's future and has selected Channel 10 for this investment."<ref>Colin Kruger and Barry FitzGerald, [http://www.smh.com.au/business/media-and-marketing/rinehart-digs-out-a-chunk-of-channel-10-20101122-1845g.html "Rinehart digs out a chunk of Channel 10"], ''Sydney Morning Herald'', November 23, 2010.</ref>

In a media release Ten announced that Rinehart would join the board following the company's December Annual General Meeting.<ref name="Ten">Ten Network Holdings, [http://tencorporate.com.au/lib/pdf/2010/GinaRineharttojoinTenHoldingsBoard.pdf "Gina Rinehart to Join Ten Holdings Board", Media Release, November 26, 2010.</ref>

In one of his columns, [[Andrew Bolt]], a News Limited columnist and climate change sceptic, posed the question why Rinehart would invest in Ten. "It is because the shares are cheap? Because there's big money in Simpsons re-runs? Because Channel 10 is going places now that James Packer has an 18 per cent share, to be split with friend Lachlan Murdoch? If that were all, I wouldn't bore you. But my strong and not entirely uninformed hunch is that much bigger issues are at play involving our country's future and threats to the wealth we've taken for granted. I can't disclose just why I suspect that, but read for yourself a clue in the terse statement put out by Rinehart's Hancock Prospecting on Monday: 'Our company group is interested in making an investment towards the media business given its importance to the nation's future and has selected Channel 10 for this investment'. Rinehart is on a mission. Channel 10 is just the vehicle," he wrote.<ref name="Bolt">Andrew Bolt, [http://www.heraldsun.com.au/opinion/channel-ten-stake-a-mine-game/story-e6frfhqf-1225959741474 "Mining magnate Gina Rineheart stakes a claim on Channel 10"], ''The Australian'', November 24, 2010.</ref>

"I have no idea what Rinehart hopes now to do to Ten, if anything. Nor could I guess what chances she'd have of turning it into, say, an Australian Fox News, even if she wanted to. What would Packer say? What would Murdoch, son of the Fox News owner? But I do have an idea of what worries Rinehart about our future. The fact is that even in these green times 40 per cent of all we earn through exports comes from mines. That includes more than $50 billion a year from iron ore, and $55 billion from the coal trade that the Greens vow to phase out for being 'dirty'," he wrote.<ref name="Bolt"/>

A few months later it was reported that Channel Ten had recorded a pilot program hosted by Bolt. Amanade Meade reported that "sources said a keen advocate of the show was Ten board member and Australia's richest woman, Gina Rinehart, who is a fan of Bolt's work. Ms Rinehart has also been heard to complain about the alleged left-wing bias of Ten's popular 7PM Project, and to say the network needs a right-wing Fox News-style show in its line-up."<ref>Amanda Meade, [http://www.theaustralian.com.au/business/media/ten-grooming-bolt-for-talk-show-debut/story-e6frg996-1226033616968 "Ten grooming Bolt for talk show debut"], ''The Australian'', April 05, 2011.</ref>

Bolt's program, ''[[The Bolt Report]]'', first aired on May 8, 2011 at 10am. "It will be like my blog, made for television," Bolt said. "We'll be talking politics, the media and pop culture. We'll cut through the spin and have a laugh. We plan to be unpredictable."<ref>Colin Vickery, [http://www.heraldsun.com.au/ipad/bolt-to-make-his-mark-on-the-box/story-fn6bfmgc-1226035614429 "Bolt to make his mark on the box"], ''Herald Sun'', April 08, 2011.</ref>

===Fairfax Media===

In December 2010 it was reported that Rinehart had bought a significant shareholding in [[Fairfax Media]], which publishes the ''Sydney Morning Herald'', ''the Age'' and other newspapers and radio stations. It was reported that her shareholding was "well below the 5 per cent level that would require her to disclose her interest to the Australian Securities Exchange."<ref>James Chessell, [http://www.theaustralian.com.au/business/city-beat/gina-rinehart-buys-into-fairfax-media/story-fn4xq4zx-1225967153527 "Gina Rinehart buys into Fairfax Media"], ''The Australian'', December 7, 2010.</ref> Subsequently she continued buying Fairfax shares, accumulating a parcel of approximately 4% estimated to be worth $120 million. The shareholding was bought by Hanrine Investment, a subsidiary of Hancock Prospecting.<ref>James Chessell, [http://www.theaustralian.com.au/business/gina-rinehart-doubles-her-stake-in-fairfax-media/story-e6frg8zx-1225991943112 "Gina Rinehart doubles her stake in Fairfax Media"], ''The Australian'', January 21, 2011.</ref>

==Opposition to Mineral Resources Rent Tax ==

In 2010 Rinehart joined a campaign with [[Andrew Forrest]] and others against the Federal Government's proposed [[Mineral Resource Rent Tax]]. Soon afterwards she took a 10% stake in [[Network Ten]]; [[James Packer]] had acquired an 18% stake in the same company soon before. Since then she has also acquired a substantial stake in [[Fairfax Media]]. This foray into media ownership is a major change from previous corporate activities.<ref>[http://www.theage.com.au/business/gina-rinehart-buys-stake-in-ten-20101122-183x9.html "Gina Rinehart buys stake in Ten"], ''The Age'', November 22 2010.</ref>

==Climate change sceptics==

In January 2010 the organisers of a tour to Australia of climate sceptic [[Christopher Monckton]] revealed that part of the $100,000 costs of the tour would be met by Rinehart. Case Smit, one of the tour organisers, told ''Noose News'' that they wrote to Rinehart when the organiser of the Perth leg of the tour could no longer help out. Smit said that "She said, ‘I’ll get my office to organise it’. So Gina Rinehart’s office is the contact for the Perth event."<ref name="Monck"/>

In an opinion piece, originally published in ''Australian Resource and Investment'', Rinehart wrote of her delight at polls indicating majority opposition to the introduction of a carbon tax and specifically singled out the need to exempt at least thermal coal from it. She wrote:<ref name="Sceptic">Jessica Burke, [http://www.miningaustralia.com.au/news/gina-rinehart-urges-australians-to-fight-against-c "Gina Rinehart urges Australians to fight against carbon and mining taxes"], ''Australian Mining'', May 5, 2011.</ref>

:"We are showing we can think for ourselves, and are not swayed by the global warming fear campaign. Remember when the mainstream media was running frightening commentary about carbon-induced global warming? We read and heard about how oceans would rise, flooding our homes, and how, over years, we’d be scorched due to the increasing heat. Have you noticed that we don’t hear much any more about global warming? The theme has now changed to carbon-dioxide induced ‘climate change’"

:"Let’s consider climate change – the world has constantly changed climate and will continue to do so. Even before human civilisation, the world went through ice ages and periods of global warming. There will always be changes that affect our climate, even if we close down all thermal-fired power stations, steel mills and other manufacturing operations, putting employees out of work and drastically changing our way of life. Furthermore, there will always be geothermal activity that spew out heat and ash and this activity does affect the climate. I am yet to hear scientific evidence to satisfy me that if the very, very small amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere (approximately 0.83 per cent) was increased, it could lead to significant global warming."

:"I have never met a geologist or leading scientist who believes adding more carbon dioxide to the atmosphere will have any significant effect on climate change, especially not from a relatively small country like Australia. I have, however, had the benefit of listening to leading scientists and reading their work."

:"How would a carbon tax or MRRT on thermal coal (used for moist of Australia’s electricity generation) economically impact Australians? Electricity costs would go up, for a start. Almost every item that you can think of requires electricity at one point or another in its production, storage or distribution. It is not just the rich mining companies that would be affected, but every man, woman and child in Australia, not to mention blue collar workers whose jobs in steel mills, power stations and manufacturing facilities would suffer or disappear. The sooner we can, as a majority, let our politicians know that Australians are fed up with wasting taxpayers money and do not want a carbon tax or MRRT on thermal coal (at least), the better."

:"Let’s take a quick look at some estimated from third party sources – which our government is not telling us. If imposed at a rate of $26 per tonne the carbon tax would cost:

:• 126 000 jobs in regional Australia (according to Access Economics);
:• 10 000 jobs and 16 coal mines (according to ACIL economic consultancy);
:• 24 000 jobs in other areas of mining (according to Concept Economics)
:• 45 000 jobs in other energy-intensive industries (according to Frontier Economics)

:"And that is just for starters. And what for? It won’t stop China and India from continuing to emit carbon dioxide on their own account. These nations understand that you cannot raise a populations standard of living without also increasing energy consumption."

:"...Families and industries need to be told that carbon tax and the MRRT (on thermal coal at least) have been abandoned, so that we can all stop adding this burden to our increasing national debt. But to get to the position we must bother to turn up at the ‘No Carbon Tax’ and ‘No MRRT’ rallies, email our politicians, write to our media industry, take part in talk-back radio and support organisations and people with the guts to stand up on these important issues. We can’t wait any longer for Australia’s business ‘leaders’ to finally stand up on this issue! If we don’t stand up, we run the risk of seeing the consequences of such non-action in Australia and I sincerely ope we don’t. The sooner the carbon tax and MRRT are gone the sooner we stop wasting our time and money on these endeavours, and the easier it will be to finance for investment in Australia."

==Articles and resources==
===References===
{{Reflist|2}}

===Related SourceWatch articles===
*[[Australia and coal]]

===External resources===
*[http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article48073755 "Lang Hancock's daughter comes of age"], ''Australian_Women's_Weekly'', February 19, 1975.

===External links===
*[http://hungrybeast.abc.net.au/stories/beast-file-gina-rinehart Video portrait] on ABC's Hungry Beast

[[category:Australia]]
{{wikipedia}}

{{stub}}{{CoalSwarm}}'''Lankahuda power station''' is a proposed coal-fired power station in Sundergarh district, Orissa, India. The station was reported as being proposed by the [[National Thermal Power Corporation]]. However, the company's website makes no mention of the project.<ref>National Thermal Power Corporation, [http://www.ntpc.co.in/index.php?searchword=Lankahuda&ordering=&searchphrase=all&Itemid=124&option=com_search&lang=en "Search"], National Thermal Power Corporation website, accessed May 2011.</ref>

==Articles and resources==
===References===
{{reflist|2}}

===Related SourceWatch articles===
*[[India and coal]]
*[[Proposed coal plants in India]]

===External resources===


===External articles===


[[Category:Proposed coal plants in Orissa]]
[[Category:Proposed coal plants in India]]
[[Category:Proposed coal plants in Asia]]
[[Category:India]]

{{stub}}{{CoalSwarm}}'''Rosa Phase II''' power station is a 600 megawatt coal-fired power station in Uttar Pradesh which is currently being built by [[Reliance Power]]. Rosa Phase II will supplement the [[Rosa Phase I]] power station which was commissioned in March 2010.<ref>Reliance Power, [http://www.reliancepower.co.in/business_areas/power_projects/coal_based_projects.htm "Coal Based Projects"], Reliance Power website, accessed May 2011.</ref>

The company states that half the output of Rosa Stage II will be sold to [[Uttar Pradesh Power Corporation]] Limited (UPPCL) at a cost plus tariff with the balance to be sold through Reliance Energy Trading Limited. Reliance Power states that the project is scheduled to be completed in 2012.<ref name="RosaII">Reliance Power, [http://www.reliancepower.co.in/business_areas/power_projects/coal_based_projects/rosa_two.htm "Rosa Phase II"], Reliance Power website, accessed May 2011.</ref>

The company states that "the coal will be supplied from the Ashoka Coal mines of Central Coalfields Limited (CCL), a subsidiary of Coal India Limited (CIL). The coal mines are located in Jharkhand and the coal will be transported by Railways over a distance of 870 kms." Water for the power station "will be sourced from Garrah river located a kilometer from the project."<ref name="RosaII"/>

==Articles and resources==
===References===
{{reflist|2}}

===Related SourceWatch articles===
*[[India and coal]]

===External resources===


===External articles===


[[Category:Proposed coal plants in Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Proposed coal plants in India]]
[[Category:Proposed coal plants in Asia]]
[[Category:India]]

{{stub}}{{CoalSwarm}}'''Rosa Phase I''' power station is a 600 megawatt coal-fired power station in Uttar Pradesh which is owned and operated by [[Reliance Power]]. The company is currently constructing the [[Rosa Phase II]] power station.<ref>Reliance Power, [http://www.reliancepower.co.in/business_areas/power_projects/coal_based_projects.htm "Coal Based Projects"], Reliance Power website, accessed May 2011.</ref>

The company states that the station, which is located at Rosa village in Shahjahanpur, Uttar Pradesh, was commissioned on March 12, 2010.<ref name="RosaI">Reliance Power, [http://www.reliancepower.co.in/business_areas/power_projects/coal_based_projects/rosa_one.htm "Rosa Phase I"], Reliance Power website, accessed May 2011.</ref>

The company states that "the entire power generated will be sold" to Uttar Pradesh Power Corporation Limited (UPPCL). The company states that construction of the project commenced in June 2007 and that the first unit was commissioned in December 2009.<ref name="RosaI"/>

The company states that "coal for the project would be supplied from the Ashoka Coal mines of Central Coalfields Limited (CCL) a subsidiary of Coal India Limited (CIL). The coal mines are located in Jharkhand and the coal will be transported by Railways over a distance of 870 kms." Water for the plant "is sourced from Garrah river located a kilometer from the project."<ref name="RosaI"/>

==Articles and resources==
===References===
{{reflist|2}}

===Related SourceWatch articles===
*[[India and coal]]

===External resources===


===External articles===


[[Category:Proposed coal plants in Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Proposed coal plants in India]]
[[Category:Proposed coal plants in Asia]]
[[Category:India]]

{{#badges: ToxicSludge}} '''Jon Devine''' is a senior attorney with the water program of the [[Natural Resources Defense Council]] (NRDC). His work focuses on water quality and nutrient pollution in the Mississippi River Basin, the legal scope of the [[Clean Water Act]] and mountaintop removal coal mining and its impacts on bodies of water in Appalachia. Jon worked with NRDC's health and environment program for four years. Before joining NRDC in 2001, Jon was an attorney-advisor in the Environmental Protection Agency's Office of General Counsel. He was a law clerk for Judge Phyllis Kravitch of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit. He received his law degree from the Georgetown University Law Center in 1996 and graduated from Bowdoin College in 1991. Before attending law school, he was an environmental specialist in the Maine Department of Environmental Protection. <ref> [http://www.nrdc.org/media/expertBio/d.asp NRDC Experts Bio website], Accessed May, 2011. </ref>

==Contact==
sstruglinski@nrdc.org<br>
202-289-6868<br>


==Articles and resources==

===Related SourceWatch articles===
* [[Sewage sludge]]
* [[Biosolids]]

===References===
<references/>

===External resources===

===External articles===

{{stub}}
[[category: Toxic Sludge]]

{{#badges: ToxicSludge}} '''Sean Crowley''' is a Media director for Land, Water & Wildlife, Health, Living Cities for the [[Environmental Defense Fund]] (EDF). He is also a former communications director for the U.S. Department of Energy's Assistant Secretary for Energy. <ref> [http://www.edf.org/email.cfm?contentID=6541 EDF website] Accessed May 12, 2011. </ref>

==Contact:==
Sean Crowley<br>
202-572-3331-w<br>
202-550-6524-c<br>
scrowley@edf.org<br>


==Articles and resources==

===Related SourceWatch articles===
* [[Sewage sludge]]
* [[Biosolids]]

===References===
<references/>

===External resources===

===External articles===

{{stub}}
[[category: Toxic Sludge]]

The '''South East Asia Regional Initiatives for Community Empowerment (SEARICE)''' was registered formally as a non-stock, non-profit organization with the Securities and Exchange Commission of the Republic of the Philippines in December 1981, and was re-registered in 1996. SEARICE's Vision is to work for the creation of a just democratic civil society which upholds peoples initiatives towards the creative and sustainable utilization of the earth's resources. SEARICE's Mission is to assist in the development of civil society and contribute to the search for a new development paradigm."<ref>[http://www.foodsov.org/html/members.htm Members], People's Coalition on Food Sovereignty, Accessed May 11, 2011.</ref>

"The expansion to Africa of SEARICE's Participatory Plant Breeding (PPB) Mainstreaming Project and a program emphasis on Seeds and Climate Change and Irrigation were among the major decisions arrived at during SEARICE's Board of Trustees Meeting held last February 18-19, 2009 in Kichu Resort, Wandue, Bhutan.

"Four Board members attended the meeting, namely, Mr. [[Danthong Breen]] and Mr. [[Chanetwallop Nicolas Khumthong]] from Thailand; and Mr. [[Rene Salazar]] and Mr. [[Antonio La Viña]] from the Philippines. Also present were members of SEARICE staff, including Ms. [[Wilhelmina Pelegrina]] (Executive Director), Ms. [[Normita Ignacio]] (CBDC BUCAP Regional Coordinator), Ms. [[Merigine Otara]] (Technical Officer cum Deputy Coordinator of Bohol Project), Ms. [[Corazon de Jesus, Jr.]] (Policy Unit Co-coordinator), and Ms. [[Alice F. Labado]], OIC, Administrative and Finance Unit." <ref>[http://www.searice.org.ph/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&layout=blog&id=28&Itemid=49 History], SEARICE, accessed November 31, 2010.</ref>

== Contact ==
* South East Asia Regional Initiatives for Community Empowerment (SEARICE)
* Unit 331 Eagle Court Condominuim
* 26 Matalino St., Diliman
* Quezon City
* Ph: 2-433 7182 / 433 2067
* Web: [http://www.searice.org.ph/ http://www.searice.org.ph/]
* Email: searice@searice.org.ph

==Resources and articles==
=== Related Sourcewatch Articles ===
* [[People's Coalition on Food Sovereignty]]

===References===
<references/>

[[category:Philippines]][[category:Food Sovereignty]][[category:Agriculture]]

'''Kilusang Magbubukid ng Pilipinas (KMP)''' is "a nationwide federation of Philippine organizations of landless peasants, small farmers, farm workers, subsistence fisherfolk, peasant women and rural youth. It has effective leadership over a total of 1.3 million rural people comprising roughly 9% of the Philippine agricultural labor force. It has 65 provincial and 15 regional chapters nationwide. KMP carries out painstaking organizing and education work among the peasantry as an important requisite to building a strong and mass-based organization. It employs various forms of struggle ranging from simple court actions and lobby work to mass mobilizations such as nationwide strikes and protest actions."<ref>[http://www.foodsov.org/html/members.htm Members], People's Coalition on Food Sovereignty, Accessed May 11, 2011.</ref>


== Contact ==
* Kilusang Magbubukid ng Pilipinas (KMP)
* 17-D, Kasing-Kasing St., East Kamias Road
* Quezon CityM
* Ph: 2-434 5467
* Email: kmp@try-isys.com

==Resources and articles==
===Related Sourcewatch articles===
* [[People's Coalition on Food Sovereignty]]

===References===
<references/>

===External Resources===

=== External Articles ===


[[category:Agriculture]][[category:Food Sovereignty]]

The '''People's Coalition on Food Sovereignty''' is "a growing network of various grassroots groups of small food producers particularly of peasant-farmer organizations and their support NGOs, working towards a People's Convention on Food Sovereignty."<ref>[http://www.foodsov.org/html/aboutus.htm About Us], Accessed May 11, 2011.</ref>

The organization's goals are:
:*"To develop and promote the People's Food Sovereignty as the alternative platform against neoliberal globalization on food and agriculture policies.
:*"To develop and popularise the proposals of the People's Convention on Food Sovereignty as a way to and disseminate the concept of food sovereignty, as a guiding principle in food and agriculture, and as a unifying call for mass movements across the globe.
:*"To coordinate regional and global activities on Food Sovereignty including mobilisation, research and policy advocacy.
:*"To exchange information, skills and experiences in achieving Food Sovereignty in the local, national and regional levels.
:*"To promote the acceptance of a globally binding International Convention on Food Sovereignty at the national and international level."<ref>[http://www.foodsov.org/html/aboutus.htm About Us], Accessed May 11, 2011.</ref>

== Members ==
Member organizations include:<ref>[http://www.foodsov.org/html/members.htm Members], Accessed May 11, 2011.</ref>
* [[Unnayan Bikalper Nitinirdharoni Gobeshona]] (Bangledesh)
* [[Bangladesh Krishok Foundation]] (Bangledesh)
* [[SHISUK]] (Bangledesh)
* [[Cambodian Center for Study and Development in Agriculture (CEDAC)]] (Cambodia)
* [[RAPALMIRA]] (Colombia)
* [[Pesticide Eco-Alternatives Center (PEAC)]] (China)
* [[Asia Pacific Mission for Migrants (APMM)]] (Hong Kong)
* [[Institute for Motivating Self Employment (IMSE)]] (India)
* [[Society for Rural Education and Development (SRED)]] (India)
* [[Deccan Development Society]] (India)
* [[Andhra Pradesh Vyavasaya Vruthidarula Union (APVVU)]] (India)
* [[The Centre for Community Economics and Development Consultants Society]] ([[Cecoedecon]]) (India)
* [[Human Rights Lawyers Initiative (HRLI)]] (India)
* [[Alliance of People’s Movement]] (India)
* [[Tamil Nadu Women’s Forum (TNWF)]] (India)
* [[Tamil Nadu Dalit Women’s Movement (TNDWM)]] (India)
* [[South Asian Network for Social and Agricultural Development (SANSAD)]] (India)
* [[Brick-Kiln Workers Movement]] (India)
* [[International Federation of Hawker and Urban Poor]] (India)
* [[Martin Luther King Center for Democracy and Human Rights]] (India)
* [[Quarry Workers Movement]] (India)
* [[Tamil Nadu Landless Labourless Movement]] (India)
* [[Gita Pertiwi]] (Indonesia)
* [[Alliance of Agrarian Reform Movement (AGRA)]] (Indonesia)
* [[The Field Alliance]] (Indonesia)
* [[Pacific Asia Resource Center (PARC)]] (Japan)
* [[NOUMINREN]] (Japan)
* [[SHOKENREN]] (Japan)
* [[Network for Safe and Secure Food and Environment (NESSFE)]] (Japan)
* [[Citizen Consumers Korea (CCK)]] (Korea)
* [[Pesticide Action Network Asia and the Pacific (PAN AP)]] (Malaysia)
* [[Tenaganita]] (Malaysia)
* [[Center for Human Rights and Development (CHRD)]] (Mongolia)
* [[Rural Reconstruction Nepal (RRN)]] (Nepal)
* [[All Nepal Peasants' Association (ANPA)]] (Nepal)
* [[All Nepal Women Association (ANWA)]] (Nepal)
* [[USC Nepal]] (Nepal)
* [[Nature Enterprise (NEC)]] (Nepal)
* [[Nepal Permaculture Group (NPG)]] (Nepal)
* [[ARENA]] (New Zealand)
* [[GATT-Watchdog]] (New Zealand)
* [[Roots for Equity]] (Pakistan)
* [[PILER]] (Pakistan)
* [[Lok Sanjh Foundation]] (Pakistan)
* [[Pakistan Fisherfolks Forum (PFF)]] (Pakistan)
* [[Pesticide Action Network - Philippines]] (Philippines)
* [[Kilusang Magbubukid ng Pilipinas (KMP)]] (Philippines)
* [[The Asia Pacific Research Network (APRN)]] (Philippines)
* [[Cordillera Women’s Education and Resource Center]] (Philippines)
* [[IBON Foundation Inc]] (Philippines)
* [[SIBAT]] (Philippines)
* [[SEARICE]] (Philippines)
* [[Montanosa Research and Development Center]] (Philippines)
* [[Miriam PEACE (Public Education and Awareness Campaign for the Environment)]] (Philippines)
* [[Cordillera Peoples Alliance (CPA)/APIT TAKO]]
* [[Ecumenical Institute for Labour, Education and Research (EILER)]] (Philippines)
* [[Pamalakaya]] (Nationwide Federation of Fisherfolk Organizations) (Philippines)
* [[Movement for National Land and Agricultural Reform (MONLAR)]] (Sri Lanka)
* [[Community Education Center (CEC)]] (Sri Lanka)
* [[Green Movement of Sri Lanka]] (Sri Lanka)
* [[Center for Human Development]] (Sri Lanka)
* [[APWLD]] (Thailand)
* [[National Association for Peasant and Small Scale Farmers]] (Zambia)

== Contact ==
* PCFS Secretariat
* c/o 3rd Floor, IBON Center
* 114 Timog Avenue, Quezon City
* 1103 Philippnes
* PO Box 1172 Quezon City Central Post Office
* Philippine
* Ph: +63 (02) 927-7060 to 62
* Fax: +63 (02) 9276981
* Web: [http://www.foodsov.org http://www.foodsov.org]
* E-mail: secretariat at foodsov dot org

==Resources and articles==
===Related Sourcewatch articles===


===References===
<references/>

===External Resources===

=== External Articles ===


[[category:Agriculture]][[category:Food Sovereignty]]

{{#badges:CoalSwarm}} The '''Raven Underground Coal Mine Project''' is a proposed mine near Fanny Bay, Canada, by Compliance Energy Corporation and the Company's subsidiary Compliance Coal Corporation, which are doing business as the Comox Joint Venture. The Canadian Environmental Assessment Agency ("CEAA") and the B.C. Environmental Assessment Office ("BC EAO") have announced a public review and comment period of forty days commencing on May 18, 2011 regarding the draft Application Information Requirements ("AIR")/Environmental Impact Statement ("EIS") Guidelines for the Raven Project.<ref>[http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/public-comment-period-announced-for-the-raven-underground-coal-mine-project-121628008.html "Public Comment Period for Raven Underground Mine"] PR Newswire, May 11, 2011.</ref>

In 2007, Compliance estimated that the company could extract about 30 million tons of high-grade metallurgical coal from the Comox Joint Venture site over a period of about 20 years. In 2010 it revised the figures to 13 million tones of metallurgical coal over 16 years, resulting in larger percentages of lower grade thermal coal, and potentially toxic waste. The amount of saleable coal, both metallurgical and thermal, is now only 44% of the total mined.<ref>[http://www.islandtides.com/assets/reprint/forest+mining_28102010d.pdf "Raven coal mine prospects downgraded, criticized"] Island Tides, October 28, 2010.</ref>

==June 23, 2010: Raven Coal Protest, Vancouver Island, Canada==
On Wednesday, June 23, 2010 activists from the Wilderness Committee and other concerned citizens gathered in front of Compliance Energy's annual general meeting in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. The people were protesting plans by the company to construct the Raven underground coal mine in the Comox Valley. Wilderness Committee Pacific Coast Campaigner, Tri Donaldson listed concerns about mining pollution damage to clean water, which would have a devastating impact on the regions shell fish industry. Also of concern is the huge role that the burning of coal world wide has in worsening climate change.<ref>[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bCSQ4FWPBcs "2010 Raven Coal Protest,"] Youtube, June 27, 2010</ref>

==Citizen Groups==
*[http://www.coalwatch.ca/ CoalWatch Comox Valley Society]

==Articles and resources==
===Related SourceWatch articles===
*[[Canada and coal]]
*[[Global list of coal mining companies and agencies]]
*[[Proposed coal mines]]
*[[Coal]]

==References==
<references/>

== External links ==
* [http://www.eia.doe.gov/cneaf/coal/page/acr/table9.html "Major U.S. Coal Mines,"] Energy Information Administration

[[Category: Canada]][[Category: Existing coal mines in Canada]]
[[Category: Proposed coal mines in Canada]]

{{stub}}{{CoalSwarm}}'''Arch Coal Asia-Pacific Pte. Ltd''' is a subsidiary of [[Arch Coal]]. In May 2011 Arch Coal announced that it had established the company and appointed [[Renato Paladino]] president. A press release stated that Paladino will be responsible for Asia-Pacific regional business development, marketing and sales of thermal and metallurgical products, and regional supply chain expansion for the company. The new office will be located in Singapore.<ref>[http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/arch-coal-establishes-asia-pacific-subsidiary-names-paladino-president-121492324.html "Arch Coal Establishes Asia-Pacific Subsidiary, Names Paladino President"] PR Newswire, May 9, 2011.</ref>

==Articles and resources==
===References===
<references/>

===Related SourceWatch articles===
*[[United States and coal]]

===External resources===


===External articles===


[[Category:Singapore]]
[[Category:Coal mining companies and agencies in Singapore]]

[[File:AMA_Logo.png]]'''American Majority Action''' (AMA) is a [[Tea Party]]-affiliated 501(c)(4) nonprofit "dedicated to helping the grassroots compete against career politicians and a political establishment organized against new participation." Its organizational statement is, "We believe in the free market, American individualism and the belief that when American citizens engage in the political arena, real change happens. To that end, AMA provides resources, trainings, and guidance to organizations and individuals around the country."<ref>American Majority Action [http://americanmajorityaction.org/voterfraudapp/about/ About], organization website, accessed May 10, 2011</ref> It is the arm of the closely related [[American Majority]] group that "can engage in more politically tinged activities."<ref>Alex Pappas [http://dailycaller.com/2010/12/20/american-majority-wants-to-infuse-new-tea-party-blood-in-system/ American Majority wants to infuse new Tea Party blood in system], ''Daily Caller'', December 21, 2010</ref> AMA president [[Drew Ryun]] said of the group, "We are excited to have the chance to partner with Tea Parties and 912 organizations across the United States."<ref>Debra Erdley [http://www.pittsburghlive.com/x/pittsburghtrib/news/pittsburgh/s_699380.html Umbrella group intends to unify area Tea Party activists],'' Pittsburgh Tribune-Review'', September 14, 2010</ref>

==Campaign Funding & Electioneering==
According to the [[Sunlight Foundation]], AMA spent $140,249.68 in the 2010 elections to support 18 Republicans (including U.S. Rep. [[Sean P. Duffy]] (R-Wis.) and Wis. Sen. [[Dan Kapanke]] (R), currently the subject of a recall campaign, in his campaign to represent Wisconsin district 3 in the U.S. House) and oppose one Democrat. "This data includes electioneering communications, which are broadcast communications not otherwise reported as independent expenditures."<ref>Sunlight Foundation [http://reporting.sunlightfoundation.com/independent-expenditures/committee/american-majority-action-inc Follow the Unlimited Money: American Majority Action, Inc.], organization report, accessed May 10, 2011</ref>

The [[Center for Responsive Politics]]' OpenSecrets.org reported a grand total of $158,370 in independent expenditures by AMA in the 2010 Federal elections, not including electioneering communications.<ref>Center for Responsive Politics [http://www.opensecrets.org/outsidespending/detail.php?cmte=C90011891&cycle=2010 American Majority Action: Outside Spending Summary 2010], OpenSecrets.org report, accessed May 10, 2011</ref>

==Staff==
The President of AMA is [[Drew Ryun]], twin brother of [[American Majority]] leader [[Ned Ryun]] and "former Deputy Director in the political division at the Republican National Committee during the 2004 election cycle."<ref>American Majority Action [http://americanmajorityaction.org/voterfraudapp/about/ About], organization website, accessed May 10, 2011</ref>

Anita MonCrief, [[ACORN]] whistleblower, is also on the staff. Her background is at odds with that of her coworkers at AMA and its sister group [[American Majority]]. Prior to accusing [[ACORN]]'s affiliate Project Vote of "rampant voter fraud" in 2008, she was employed in the Strategic Writing and Research Department of [[ACORN]] Political Operations. Before that, she "worked with the [[American Bar Association]]’s Central European and Eurasian Law Initiative (ABA CEELI), the [[International Crisis Group]], the [[Grameen Foundation]] and [[American Rights at Work]]. MonCrief has partnered with the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe on their mission to Macedonia as an election observer."<ref>[http://americanmajorityaction.org/voterfraudapp/about/ Ibid.]</ref> MonCrief is now a regular contributor to conservative blogs such as "Big Government, Hot Air, NetRight Daily, RedState [and] NewsReal Blog."<ref>Andrew Breitbart [http://biggovernment.com/author/amoncrief/ Anita MonCrief], BigGovernment.com profile, accessed May 10, 2011</ref> She is also "the National Spokesperson for [[American Majority]] and the Editor-in-Chief of a new website, [http://emergingcorruption.com/ Emerging Corruption]."<ref>Anita Moncrief [http://emergingcorruption.com/about/editorial-staff/ Editorial Board], Emerging Corruption website, accessed May 10, 2011</ref>

The Missouri Field Director is Raz Shafer.<ref>Alexandra Nicolas [http://www.joplinglobe.com/local/x5455933/American-Majority-Action-opens-headquarters-today American Majority Action opens headquarters today], ''Joplin Globe'', September 13, 2010</ref> Shafer is also the North Texas Field Representative for [[American Majority]].<ref>American Majority [http://americanmajority.org/author/raz-shafer/ About the Author], organization website, accessed May 10, 2011</ref>

The Pennsylvania Field Director is Martin Gillespie, "a former staffer for the [[Republican National Committee]]."<ref>Debra Erdley [http://www.pittsburghlive.com/x/pittsburghtrib/news/pittsburgh/s_699380.html Umbrella group intends to unify area Tea Party activists],'' Pittsburgh Tribune-Review'', September 14, 2010</ref>

==Activities==
===Voter Fraud App===
AMA partnered with Freedom Speaks LLC in 2010 to create a "Voter Fraud App" for iPhone, Blackberry and Android phones "to help identify, report and track suspected incidents of voter fraud and intimidation.... Reports are sent to election officials," specifically they are forwarded "to the respective secretary of states and election officials at the local level."<ref>American Majority Action [http://americanmajorityaction.org/voterfraudapp/ Voter Fraud App], organization website, 2010, accessed May 10, 2011</ref><ref>American Majority Action [http://americanmajorityaction.org/voterfraudapp/faq/ FAQ], organization website, 2010, accessed May 10, 2011</ref> It features "Over 10 Issue Report Types":

*Campaigning near a poll
*Tampering with voter machines
*Voter intimidation
*Vote buying
*Illegal electioneering
*Provisional voting problems
*Poll watchers/worker issues
*Police interference
*Abnormally long lines
*Obstructing a poll worker
*Unlawfully assisting a voter
*Providing false information on a ballot application"<ref>American Majority Action [http://americanmajorityaction.org/voterfraudapp/features/ Feature Rich], organization website, 2010, accessed May 10, 2011</ref><ref>American Majority Action [http://americanmajorityaction.org/voterfraudapp/faq/ FAQ], organization website, 2010, accessed May 10, 2011</ref>

AMA's Voter Fraud App FAQ page also contains the following:

<blockquote>"Can I enter a service request/report without taking a picture?
Currently the mobile app requires a picture, however you can report issues from VoterFraudApp.com without one."<ref>American Majority Action [http://americanmajorityaction.org/voterfraudapp/faq/ FAQ], organization website, 2010, accessed May 10, 2011</ref></blockquote>

Abe Sauer pointed out in a blog post on ''The Awl'',

<blockquote>"In most states, election officials frown on picture taking at polling places. In 13 states they have prohibited it. Seven states actually have state laws making such photography illegal. For instance, just listen to the unambiguous language of California Election Code § 18541: 'No person shall... within 100 feet of a polling place... photograph, videotape, or otherwise record a voter entering or exiting a polling place.' How about Florida's 102.031(5): 'No photography is permitted in the polling room or early voting area.'

"Or Texas (§ 61.013): 'A person may not use a wireless communication device within 100 ft. of a voting station' and 'A person may not use any mechanical or electronic means of recording images or sound within 100 feet of a voting station.'"<ref>Abe Sauer [http://www.theawl.com/2011/03/american-majoritys-voter-fraud-app-its-a-tool-for-election-law-violations American Majority's "Voter Fraud" App: It's a Tool for Election Law Violations], ''The Awl'' (blog), March 23, 2011</ref></blockquote>

It is unknown, after a media search, whether the app was used to report any alleged voter fraud in the 2010 elections.

==Funding==
AMA does not disclose its donors,<ref>Center for Responsive Politics [http://www.opensecrets.org/outsidespending/detail.php?cmte=C90011891&cycle=2010 American Majority Action: Outside Spending Summary 2010], OpenSecrets.org report, accessed May 10, 2011</ref> but "over 75% of the funding for [[American Majority]]... comes from the [[Sam Adams Alliance]]."<ref>George Monbiot, [http://www.alternet.org/media/149197/are_right-wing_libertarian_internet_trolls_getting_paid_to_dumb_down_online_conversations/?page=1 "Are Right-Wing Libertarian Internet Trolls Getting Paid to Dumb Down Online Conversations?"] AlterNet, Dec. 15, 2010.</ref> The Chairman and CEO of the [[Sam Adams Alliance]], [[Eric O'Keefe]], sits on the board of the [[Institute for Humane Studies]], which is funded by the [[Koch Family Foundations]].

==Contact Information=
There is no contact information listed on the organization website beyond a [http://americanmajorityaction.org/contact-us/ web contact form], but according to the AMA blog, in the lead-up to the 2010 elections "Liberty Headquarters" were Ohio, Pennsylvania, Missouri and Wisconsin.<ref>American Majority Action [http://americanmajorityaction.org/uncategorized/on-grassroots-gotv-and-boots-on-the-ground/ On grassroots, GOTV and boots on the ground], organization blog, October 19, 2010</ref> Some of the headquarters locations are:

1802 W. 32nd St.
Joplin, MO 64804<ref>Alexandra Nicolas [http://www.joplinglobe.com/local/x5455933/American-Majority-Action-opens-headquarters-today American Majority Action opens headquarters today], ''Joplin Globe'', September 13, 2010</ref>

4512 Hampton Avenue
St. Louis, MO 63119<ref>St. Louis Tea Party Coalition [http://www.facebook.com/note.php?note_id=286590359948 Liberty Headquarters Grand Opening], press release, September 9, 2010</ref>

4986 Gateway Drive, Ste. 206
Medina, OH 44256<ref>American Majority Action [http://www.ohiofreepress.com/general/2010/non-partisan-center-drive-voter-turnout-november-2nd/ Liberty Headquarters Grand Opening], press release, September 9, 2010</ref>

8902 Beckett Road
West Chester Township, OH 45069<ref>Adam Kiefaber [http://westchesterbuzz.com/2010/09/14/tea-party-headquarters-in-west-chester-opens-tonight/ Tea party headquarters in West Chester opens tonight], WestChesterBuzz.com (news blog), September 14, 2010</ref>

15 Clemens Road
Doylestown, PA 18901<ref>Kitchen Table Patriots [http://www.diggersrealm.com/mt/archives/003471.html Southeast Pennsylvania Liberty Headquarters- Grand Opening], press release, September 7, 2010</ref>

It is unknown whether any of these addresses are still occupied by AMA.

==Articles and resources==
===Related SourceWatch articles===
*[[Sam Adams Alliance]]
*[[Ned Ryun]]
*[[Drew Ryun]]

===References===
<references/>

[[Category:Activism]][[Category:Politics (U.S.)]][[Category:Tea Party Movement]]

{{#badges: ToxicSludge}} '''California Department of Food and Agriculture''' (CDFA) is responsible for ensuring California's food safety and for protecting and promoting the agricultural industry. It was established in 1919 by the California State Legislature and signed into law by Governor William Stephens. <ref> [http://www.cdfa.ca.gov/CDFA-History.html CDFA website], Accessed May 10, 2011. </ref>

==Divisions==
* Animal Health and Food Safety Services – promotes food safety and protects public and animal health.
* Fairs and Expositions – supports the local efforts of nearly 80 fairs statewide.
* Inspection Services – ensures that commodities meet quality and labeling standards.
* Marketing Services – oversees California agricultural marketing programs and 51 promotional boards.
* Measurement Standards – certifies devices that weigh or measure commodities so that consumers “get what they paid for.”
* Plant Health and Pest Prevention Services – protects California from exotic and invasive plant pests and diseases.


==Articles and resources==

===Related SourceWatch articles===
* [[Sewage sludge]]
* [[Biosolids]]

===References===
<references/>

===External resources===

===External articles===

{{stub}}
[[category: Toxic Sludge]]

'''The American Federation for Children''' is a committee of mostly right-wing groups who want to advance the privatization of public schools and the expansion of voucher programs and charter schools.

==Mission==

The website states the following:<ref>[http://www.federationforchildren.org/mission Mission and Vision of AFC],"The American Federation for Children"</ref>

"The American Federation for Children (AFC) seeks the fundamental transformation of public education through parental choice. We believe public education must be defined as providing families, particularly low-income families, with the public funding they need to choose the education they determine is best for their children. The American Federation for Children envisions a vibrant and successful American education system where achievement is high and where low-income children are provided with the opportunity to attend the finest schools possible, whether these schools are excellent public schools, public charter schools, or private schools."

'''What We Do'''

"We assist our state-level partners in recruiting and mobilizing individual supporters to take action in support of specific school choice proposals that provide low-income and middle class children with access to the best schools available. We advocate at the grassroots, grass tops, and directly to legislators in favor of a wide range of school choice initiatives. We also fight against bills and regulatory changes that would hurt existing school choice programs."

'''History and Operations'''

"The American Federation for Children was launched in January 2010, when America’s leading private school choice organizations worked together to create a lasting and sustainable structure for the advancement of school choice through the creation of the Federation. This organization traces its roots to the founders of the modern school choice movement, most notably the late John T. Walton, a visionary philanthropist and education reformer. Led by national education reform pioneer Betsy DeVos, the American Federation for Children works at the national, state, and local levels to advance our mission. Our staff is located across the United States, with regional offices in several locations."

==Model Legislation and Lobbying==

AFC works alongside the American Legislative Exchange Council ([[ALEC]]) to draft and support model legislation promoting "school choice" and tax reform for schools. ALEC is a right-wing group with legislators and corporations working together to draft bills with "Jeffersonian principles." Regarding education, both ALEC and AFC want to expand funding for charter schools while defunding public schools.

You can see the model legislation [http://www.federationforchildren.org/model-legislation HERE].

==Controversy==

==Controversy==

http://www.wisdc.org/afc2010.html

http://www.wisdc.org/index.php?rw=ind10-1100001.php&CTGTZO=-480&CTGTZL=-480

http://www.politifact.com/wisconsin/statements/2010/oct/28/american-federation-children/group-says-state-senate-candidate-monk-elmer-voted/

http://www.politifact.com/wisconsin/statements/2010/sep/13/american-federation-children/wisconsin-state-sen-jeff-plale-saved-300-jobs-bucy/

==Leadership==
The leadership for 2011 can be found [http://www.federationforchildren.org/leadership here].

'''Board of Directors'''
<br>[[Betsy DeVos]] - Chairman
<br>John F. Kirtley - Vice Chairman
<br>The Hon. Kevin P. Chavous
<br>Boykin Curry
<br>Joel Greenberg
<br>Carrie Penner


'''Staff & Advisors'''
<br>''Executive Team''
<br>Greg Brock, Executive Director
<br>John Schilling, Chief Operating Officer
<br>Brenda Hondorp, Executive Assistant
<br>The Hon. Kevin P. Chavous, Senior Advisor

<br>''Government Affairs Team''
<br>Jonathan Nikkila, Director
<br>[[Scott Jensen]], Senior Advisor
<br>Sean Bradley, Political Director
<br>Whitney Rhoades, Policy Director
<br>Adam Rogalski, Associate Political Director
<br>Clay Madden, Government Affairs Associate (Louisiana)
<br>Lauren Perry, Policy Analyst
<br>Denise Lasher, Government Affairs Advisor (Florida)
<br>David Morgan, Government Affairs Associate (Georgia)
<br>Jamie Self, Government Affairs Advisor (Georgia)
<br>Brian Pleva, Government Affairs Associate (Wisconsin)

<br>''Development Team''
<br>Zack Dawes, National Development Director
<br>Cheryl Hillen, Development Advisor
<br>Liz Dreckman, Development Manager
<br>Jana Gregg, Development Assistant

<br>''Communications Team''
<br>Andrew Campanella, Nat'l Director of Communications
<br>Malcom Glenn, Communications Coordinator
<br>Michelle Gininger, Communications Assistant

<br>''Finance and Administration''
<br>Jennifer Miller, Chief Financial Officer
<br>Benita Gardner, Senior Accountant

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

{{#badges: ToxicSludge}} '''E.B. Stone Organics''' is a family owned business located in Northern California. They produce fertilizers, soils for pots and containers, as well as soil amendments. Retailers include: [[E.B. Stone]], [[GreenAll]], and [[Master Nursery]].<ref>[http://www.ebstone.org/index.php Sludge Compost Facilities, E.B. Stone Organics website] Accessed May 10, 2011. </ref>

==Fertilizers==

E.B. Stone

* Agricultural Lime
* Alfalfa Meal
* All Purpose Plant Food
* Azalea, Camellia, Gardenia Food
* Bat Guano
* Blood Meal
* Bone Meal
* Bulb Food
* Citrus & Fruit Tree Food
* Compost Maker
* Cottonseed Meal
* Fish Emulsion with Kelp
* Granular Gypsum
* Green Sand
* Hibiscus & Palm Food
* Kelp Meal
* Nature's Green Lawn Food
* Rose & Flower Food
* Soil Sulfur
* Sure Start
* Sul Po Mag
* Tomato & Vegetable Food
* Ultra Bloom

GreenAll

* CARE
* Chelated Iron
* Citrus & Avocado Food
* Fruit & Vine Food
* F.S.T (Iron & Sulfur)
* Granular Soil Sulfur
* Gypsum, Powder
* Iron Sulfate
* Magnesium Sulfate
* Multi Purpose
* Palm Food
* Rose & Flower Food
* Sulfate of Ammonia
* Sul Po Mag
* Superphosphate
* Sure Start
* Tomato & Vegetable Food
* True Blue (Aluminum Sulfate)
* Ultra Bloom
* Urea

Master Nursery

* Agricultural Lime (Oyster Shell)
* All Purpose Organic Lawn & Garden Fertlizier Easy Livin'
* Ammonium Sulfate
*Blood Meal
* Bone Meal
* Bulb Food
* Camellia, Azalea, Gardenia Food
* Chelated Iron
* Citrus Food
* Fish Emulsion
* Formula 49
* Fruit Tree & Vine Food
* Hydra Blue (Aluminum Sulfate)
* Liquid Gold
* Master Bloom
* Master Bloom (Liquid)
* Master Start
* Multi-Purpose
* Rose & Flower Food
* Superphosphate
* Tomato & Vegetable Food

==Articles and resources==

===Related SourceWatch articles===
* [[Sewage sludge]]
* [[Biosolids]]

===References===
<references/>

===External resources===

===External articles===

{{stub}}
[[category: sewage sludge products]]
[[category: sludge proponents]]

{{stub}}{{CoalSwarm}}'''Shahapur Thermal Power Project''' is a 1200-1800 megawatt (MW) coal-fired power station being developed by Maharashtra Energy Generation Limited, a subsidiary of [[Reliance Power]]. In 2006 MEGL sought tender bids for the development of two identical super-critical coal units "in the range of 1200-1800 MW". These would supplement a 1400MW gas-fired plant which is being developed as phase 1 of the project.<ref name="Butibori">[http://meglshahapurcoal.com/ "Maharashtra Energy Generation Limited (MEGL)"], Reliance Energy website, accessed May 2011.</ref><ref>[http://meglshahapurcoal.com/Information_for_Bidders.pdf "Information for Bidders], Reliance Energy, July 31, 2006. (Pdf)</ref>

The current status of the coal-fired units is unclear. On its website, Reliance Power refers to the Shahapur project only as a 4,000MW gas project.<ref>Reliance Power, [http://www.reliancepower.co.in/business_areas/power_projects/gas_based_projects.htm "Gas Based Projects"], Reliance Power website, accessed May 2011.</ref>

==Articles and resources==
===References===
{{reflist|2}}

===Related SourceWatch articles===
*[[India and coal]]

===External resources===


===External articles===


[[Category:Proposed coal plants in Maharashtra]]
[[Category:Proposed coal plants in India]]
[[Category:Proposed coal plants in Asia]]
[[Category:India]]

{{stub}}

==Articles and resources==

'''Dr. Vincent Courtillot''' is a prominent french climate skeptic. He claims that the Earth has been cooling for twelve years.

He is on the Academic Advisory Council of the [[Global Warming Policy Foundation]]. His bio on the GWPF website reads :Vincent Courtillot is professor of geophysics at the University of Paris Diderot and Director of the Institut de Physique du Globe in Paris. He is past president of the European Union of Geosciences and currently chairs the scientific council of the City of Paris.
<ref>"[http://www.thegwpf.org/who-we-are/academic-advisory-council.html]"</ref>



===Related SourceWatch articles===

* [[Global Warming Policy Foundation]]


===References===
<references/>

===External resources===

Prof. Dr. Vincent Courtillot Präsentation http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IG_7zK8ODGA&feature=player_embedded

===External articles===

[[category: ]] add category tags, if you know them. you can also create them but please search first.

{{#badges: ToxicSludge}}'''Rosario Dawson''' is an actress and producer. She has appeared in the films Men in Black II (2002), Rent (2005), Sin City (2005), Death Proof (2007), Seven Pounds (2008), and Unstoppable (2010).<ref>[http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0206257/ Rosario Dawson], Accessed May 9, 2011.</ref>

[[Image:Kellogg Amend Bag at EMA Organic Garden.png|left|thumb|alt=Rosario Dawson Unknowingly Posing at EMA Organic Garden Next to Kellogg's Sewage Sludge-Based Product, Amend | Rosario Dawson Unknowingly Posing at EMA Organic Garden Next to Kellogg's Sewage Sludge-Based Product, Amend. Photo downloaded from [http://www.ema-online.org/emails/2010/summer/index.htm EMA's Summer 2010 Newsletter] on May 13, 2011.]]Dawson's involvement with the [[Environmental Media Association]] placed her in the midst of a scandal. She volunteered as the celebrity mentor to the Westminster Avenue Elementary School garden and appeared at a May 26, 2010 garden event sponsored by [[Kellogg Garden Products]].<ref>[http://www.rosariodawson.net/visuals/thumbnails.php?album=625 The EMA's Garden Challenge by Gettin' Your Garden On], Accessed May 9, 2011.</ref><ref>[http://www.ema-online.org/westminster-garden.php Westminster Avenue Elementary School], Accessed May 9, 2011.</ref> While Kellogg Garden Products sells some organic soil amendments, the majority of its business is selling [[sewage sludge]]-based composts, which are illegal to use in organic farms and gardens. In the picture at left, you can see a bag of Kellogg's [[Amend]] with Dawson. For more on this controversy, see the article on the [[Environmental Media Association]].

== Articles and Resources ==

===Related Sourcewatch pages===
* [[Kellogg Garden Products]]
* [[Sewage sludge]]
* [[Biosolids]]
* [[Ed Begley, Jr.]]
* [[Environmental Media Association]]

===References===
<references/>

=== External Articles ===
* Josh Harkinson, [http://motherjones.com/blue-marble/2011/04/your-organic-compost-really-sewage-sludge-rosario-dawson-kellogg-amend Is Your Organic Compost Really Sewage Sludge?], Mother Jones, April 27, 2011.
* Mitch Anderson, [http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/blogs/manderson/detail?entry_id=87667 Sewage Sludge, Celebrities and School Gardens], San Francisco Chronicle, April 25, 2011.

=== Photos of Dawson ===


[[category:united States]] [[category:media]] [[category:environment]]

{{#badges: CoalSwarm|Navbar-Indiacoal}}
Indian coal imports are rising rapidly. From April 2008 through March 2009, the country imported 59 million metric tons (tonnes); from April 2009 through March 2010 imports rose 24 percent to 73.25 million tonnes. In February 2011, Coal Minister Sriprakash Jaiswal projected that 2010/2011 imports would jump 70 percent to 142 million tonnes.<ref>[http://in.reuters.com/article/2011/02/03/idINIndia-54617620110203 "India's 2011/12 coal imports to jump 70 pct - minister,"] Reuters, February 3, 2011</ref> India is dependent on a number of coal terminals to bring these imports into the country, as shown on the map below. For further information on mining, power sector companies, financing, environmental impacts, and other coal-related topics, see [[India and coal]].
{{#display_points:
|22.5485895670437,70.0315332412719~Bedi Port;
9.9493594,76.2684463~Cochin Port;
19.97,72.73~Dahanu Port;
21.7,72.5333333~Dahej Port;
18.7045048507159,73.0255222320556~Dharamtar Port;
13.1435149,80.2997442~Enore Port;
17.61667,83.2333~Gangavaram Port;
19.59,73.41~Haji Bandar Port (MBFL);
22.0333,88.1~Haldia Port;
16.93333,82.33333~Kakinada Port;
23.0333,70.21667~Kandla Port;
10.92972,79.83639~Karaikal Port, Private Limited;
14.283,80.117~Krishnapatnam Port;
21.08,72.65~Magdalla Port;
15.41667,73.8~Mormugao Port;
20.77583,70.60861~Mul Dwarka Port;
19.61,73.42~Mumbai Port;
22.74111,69.70944~Mundra Port;
12.91667,74.8~New Mangalore;
22.4667,69.0833~Okha Port;
15.49222,73.81611~Panjim (Panaji) Port;
20.91889,71.50417~Pipavev Port;
21.63944,69.58972~Porbandar Port;
13.11111,80.30083~Port of Chennai;
20.26667,86.68333~Pradip Port;
22.43333,69.83333~Sikka Port;
8.7532937,78.1908198~Tuticorin Port;
17.68333,83.2833~Visakhpatnam (Vizag) Port;
|width=500
|height=450
|zoom=5
}}


==Articles and resources==
===References===
{{reflist|2}}

===Related SourceWatch articles===
*[[India and coal]]

===External resources===


===External articles===

[[Category:India]]

{{CoalSwarm}}

==Videos==

To embed a video in a page, you do not have to upload the video onto the SourceWatch servers. The video can still reside in YouTube but will be viewable to the reader of a SourceWatch page without leaving SourceWatch.

Here is the new formatting for embedded videos:
<pre>{{#evp:service|id|description|align|width}}</pre>

Example:
<pre>
{{#evp:youtube|-dnL00TdmLY|Wikis in Plain English|center|350}}
</pre>

This produces the following:
{{#evp:youtube|-dnL00TdmLY|Wikis in Plain English|center|350}}

Note that when you align with "center" the text will not wrap around the video. Use "left" or "right" when you want text to wrap. The number "350" represents the pixel width of the video. You can experiment with other numbers. A good rule of thumb for video widths is 210 for small, 330 for medium, 425 for normal, and 640 for big.

[http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:EmbedVideoPlus Click here for more information on using the embedded video extension.]

==Images==

To add an image to a page, you need to be in editing mode. Then look on the far left side of the SourceWatch page for the command (located in the Toolbox) "Upload file."

After you upload a file into SourceWatch, it will be stored on the SourceWatch servers and can be embedded in any page.

Here is an example format:

<pre>
[[File:KYCoalWaste.jpg|thumb|center|upright=1.25|Photo courtesy of ilovemountains.org.]]
</pre>

[[File:KYCoalWaste.jpg|thumb|center|upright=1.25|Photo courtesy of ilovemountains.org.]]

Note that if you replace "center" with "left" or "right," the photo will align on the left or the right and the text will wrap around the photo.

==Tables==

SourceWatch now allows sortable tables using the format shown below:

Here is an example:
<pre>
{| | State !! width="200" | CoalSwarm Name !! width="200" | Sierra Name !! Size (MW) !! Status
|-
| Alaska||Hackhack||HackCentral||100||active
|-
| Ohio||MegaDirty||MegaBucks||200||active
|-
| West Virginia||Old Smokey||Byrd #1||400||canceled
|}
</pre>

This creates the following table:

{| | State !! width="200" | CoalSwarm Name !! width="200" | Sierra Name !! Size (MW) !! Status
|-
| Alaska||Hackhack||HackCentral||100||active
|-
| Ohio||MegaDirty||MegaBucks||200||active
|-
| West Virginia||Old Smokey||Byrd #1||400||canceled
|}

Tip: The easiest way to make tables is to create the table in Excel. Then cut and paste the table into an [http://excel2wiki.net/ Excel-to-MediaWiki converter] such as http://excel2wiki.net/.

===Maps===

Creating maps requires latitute/longitude coordinates. These can be obtained from the site [http://itouchmap.com/latlong.html|iTouchMap.com]. You can obtain coordinates either by dragging the blue dot to the location you want, or be entering a location (for example, 1222 Adams Street, St. Louis, Missouri; or simply Mumbai, India). In addition, this map lets you find the central coordinates of a designated geographic area by dragging the red dot.

'''Using this:'''
<pre>{{#display_map: Richmond, Virginia}}</pre>
'''Results in this:'''
{{#display_map: Richmond, Virginia}}

'''Using this:'''
<pre>{{#display_point: Richmond, Virginia}}</pre>
'''Results in this:'''
{{#display_point: Richmond, Virginia}}

'''Using this:'''
<pre>

{{#display_points:
|center=39.038427,-80.467313
|39.489694, -79.639389~Albright Power Station~Click '''[[Albright Power Station|here]]''' for more information.;
38.135496, -81.278721~Alloy Steam Station~Click '''[[Alloy Steam Station|here]]''' for more information.;
38.476111, -81.82~Amos Plant~Click '''[[Amos Plant|here]]''' for more information.;
39.710611, -79.927806~Fort Martin Power Station~Click '''[[Fort Martin Power Station|here]]''' for more information.;
39.560277, -80.162893~Grant Town Power Plant~Click '''[[Grant Town Power Plant|here]]''' for more information.;
39.384389, -80.331889~Harrison Power Station~Click '''[[Harrison Power Station|here]]''' for more information.;
42.839239, -81.777984~John Amos Plant~Click '''[[John Amos Plant|here]]''' for more information.;
39.828889, -80.82~Kammer Plant~Click '''[[Kammer Plant|here]]''' for more information.;
38.206389, -81.423611~Kanawha River Plant~Click '''[[Kanawha River Plant|here]]''' for more information.;
39.828889, -80.82~Mitchell Plant~Click '''[[Mitchell Plant|here]]''' for more information.;
39.639998, -79.961394~Morgantown Energy Facility (WV)~Click '''[[Morgantown Energy Facility (WV)|here]]''' for more information.;
39.200556, -79.264167~Mount Storm Power Station~Click '''[[Mount Storm Power Station|here]]''' for more information.;
38.972806, -81.926889~Mountaineer Plant~Click '''[[Mountaineer Plant|here]]''' for more information.;
39.261602, -79.331152~North Branch Station~Click '''[[North Branch Station|here]]''' for more information.;
39.749389, -80.854778~PPG Natrium Plant~Click '''[[PPG Natrium Plant|here]]''' for more information.;
38.967194, -81.921389~Philip Sporn Power Plant~Click '''[[Philip Sporn Power Plant|here]]''' for more information.;
39.365889, -81.297306~Pleasants Power Station~Click '''[[Pleasants Power Station|here]]''' for more information.;
39.530611, -80.116694~Rivesville Power Station~Click '''[[Rivesville Power Station|here]]''' for more information.;
38.369908, -81.692615~Union Carbide South Charleston Power Plant~Click '''[[Union Carbide South Charleston Power Plant|here]]''' for more information.;
39.366889, -81.300306~Willow Island Power Station~Click '''[[Willow Island Power Station|here]]''' for more information.;
}}
</pre>
'''Results in this:'''
{{#display_points:
|center=39.038427,-80.467313
|39.489694, -79.639389~Albright Power Station~Click '''[[Albright Power Station|here]]''' for more information.;
38.135496, -81.278721~Alloy Steam Station~Click '''[[Alloy Steam Station|here]]''' for more information.;
38.476111, -81.82~Amos Plant~Click '''[[Amos Plant|here]]''' for more information.;
39.710611, -79.927806~Fort Martin Power Station~Click '''[[Fort Martin Power Station|here]]''' for more information.;
39.560277, -80.162893~Grant Town Power Plant~Click '''[[Grant Town Power Plant|here]]''' for more information.;
39.384389, -80.331889~Harrison Power Station~Click '''[[Harrison Power Station|here]]''' for more information.;
42.839239, -81.777984~John Amos Plant~Click '''[[John Amos Plant|here]]''' for more information.;
39.828889, -80.82~Kammer Plant~Click '''[[Kammer Plant|here]]''' for more information.;
38.206389, -81.423611~Kanawha River Plant~Click '''[[Kanawha River Plant|here]]''' for more information.;
39.828889, -80.82~Mitchell Plant~Click '''[[Mitchell Plant|here]]''' for more information.;
39.639998, -79.961394~Morgantown Energy Facility (WV)~Click '''[[Morgantown Energy Facility (WV)|here]]''' for more information.;
39.200556, -79.264167~Mount Storm Power Station~Click '''[[Mount Storm Power Station|here]]''' for more information.;
38.972806, -81.926889~Mountaineer Plant~Click '''[[Mountaineer Plant|here]]''' for more information.;
39.261602, -79.331152~North Branch Station~Click '''[[North Branch Station|here]]''' for more information.;
39.749389, -80.854778~PPG Natrium Plant~Click '''[[PPG Natrium Plant|here]]''' for more information.;
38.967194, -81.921389~Philip Sporn Power Plant~Click '''[[Philip Sporn Power Plant|here]]''' for more information.;
39.365889, -81.297306~Pleasants Power Station~Click '''[[Pleasants Power Station|here]]''' for more information.;
39.530611, -80.116694~Rivesville Power Station~Click '''[[Rivesville Power Station|here]]''' for more information.;
38.369908, -81.692615~Union Carbide South Charleston Power Plant~Click '''[[Union Carbide South Charleston Power Plant|here]]''' for more information.;
39.366889, -81.300306~Willow Island Power Station~Click '''[[Willow Island Power Station|here]]''' for more information.;
}}

'''Using this:'''
<pre>
{{#display_map:
|41.494703, -88.123534
|width=360
|height=210
|type=satellite
|zoom=14
}}
</pre>
'''Results in this:'''
{{#display_map:
|41.494703, -88.123534
|width=360
|height=210
|type=satellite
|zoom=14
}}

'''Using this:'''
<pre>
{{#display_point:
|41.494703, -88.123534
|width=360
|height=210
|type=satellite
|zoom=14
}}
</pre>
'''Results in this:'''
{{#display_point:
|41.494703, -88.123534
|width=360
|height=210
|type=satellite
|zoom=14
}}

'''Using this:'''
<pre>
{{#display_point:
|41.494703, -88.123534~Joliet 29 Generating Station~Joliet, Illinois
|width=360
|height=210
|type=terrain
|zoom=14
}}
</pre>
'''Results in this:'''
{{#display_point:
|41.494703, -88.123534~Joliet 29 Generating Station~Joliet, Illinois
|width=360
|height=210
|type=terrain
|zoom=14
}}

===CoalSwarm logo===
To add the CoalSwarm logo to a page, use this code:
<pre>
{{#badges:CoalSwarm}}
</pre>

This results in a badge that is automatically aligned to the right, as shown in the example here:
{{#badges:CoalSwarm}}


==Ongoing projects and organizational to-do list==
A list of ongoing projects and organizational to-do items can be found [[:Talk:Articles on coal|here]].

==Related SourceWatch/CoalSwarm help pages==
*[[Researching coal]]
*[[Researching coal in Australia]]
*[[Researching coal in the United States]]
*[[Researching coal in Victoria]] (Australia)

[[Category:CoalSwarm Help]]

{{#badges: ToxicSludge}}'''Nancy Stoner''' became the Deputy Assistant Administrator at the [[U.S. EPA]]'s Office of Water in early 2010.<ref>[http://cenvironment.blogspot.com/2010/02/nancy-stoner-rejoins-epa-in-office-of.html Nancy Stoner Rejoins EPA In Office of Water], [[Center for Environment, Commerce & Energy]], February 1, 2010, Accessed May 9, 2011.</ref> As noted in an announcement of her new position at EPA:

:"This is her second tenure with EPA, as she directed the Office of Planning and Policy Analysis in the Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance from 1997 to 1999. Prior to that, she served as project director and attorney for the Clean Water Project for nearly ten years. She was a trial attorney at the [[U.S. Department of Justice]]’s Environment & Natural Resources Division before that. Since 1999, she was the co-director and senior attorney for the [[Natural Resources Defense Council]]’s Water Program.

:"Nancy is a national expert with vast experience in using the [[Clean Water Act]] to protect rivers, lakes, and coastal waters from contaminated stormwater, sewer overflows, factory farms, and other sources of water pollution. She earned her J.D. from [[Yale University Law School]] in 1986 and B.A. in 1982 from the [[University of Virginia]]. She is admitted to the bars of the District of Columbia and Maryland."<ref>[http://cenvironment.blogspot.com/2010/02/nancy-stoner-rejoins-epa-in-office-of.html Nancy Stoner Rejoins EPA In Office of Water], [[Center for Environment, Commerce & Energy]], February 1, 2010, Accessed May 9, 2011.</ref>

== Stoner Calls for Better Regulation of Sewage Sludge ==
In the past, [[NRDC]]'s founder, [[John H. Adams]] has voiced support for the practice of disposing of [[sewage sludge]] (renamed [[biosolids]]) by using it as fertilizer on farms and gardens. However, in 2002, NRDC released a press release titled "This Just In: Sludge May Be Hazardous to Your Health."<ref>[http://www.nrdc.org/media/pressreleases/020703.asp This Just In: Sludge May Be Hazardous to Your Health], Natural Resources Defense Council, July 3, 2002, Accessed May 9, 2011.</ref> The press release states:

:"The government is using outdated science in assessing the health risk of sewage sludge used as fertilizer. According to a new report by the [[National Research Council]], the standards set by the [[Environmental Protection Agency]] in 1993 on the use of "biosolids" for treating soil are based on an unreliable survey identifying hazardous chemicals in sewage sludge from wastewater treatment plants. The NRC panel concluded that the agency needs to do more scientific study on the risks to people from exposure to chemicals and disease-causing pathogens in sludge used as fertilizer.

:"The panel's report underscores that current federal regulations on applying sludge do not protect public health, according to NRDC (Natural Resources Defense Council). Earlier this year, EPA and NRDC reached a legal settlement that requires the agency to develop a plan to address NRC's recommendations."

In the press release, [[Nancy Stoner]], director of NRDC's Clean Water Project from 1999 to 2010, is quoted as calling the EPA's policy of land application of sludge "not safe." Furthermore, the press release notes that "The NRC panel's report found that EPA's sludge regulations may fail to protect the public from infectious diseases as well as toxic chemicals that cause long-term debilitating illnesses, including cancer." It goes on to note other studies that point to hazards of land application of sewage sludge: "Two years ago, the Centers for Disease Control identified Class B sewage sludge as a potential hazard for workers handling the material. In 1997, the [[Cornell University Waste Management Institute]] warned that federal sludge regulations undermine agricultural productivity and fail to protect the environment and public health. Meanwhile, two EPA inspector general reports have concluded that the agency cannot guarantee that land application protects human health and the environment because there is not enough data or enforcement."

Stoner followed up in 2003, criticizing the EPA for its decision not to regulate [[dioxins]] in [[sewage sludge]].

:"Dioxins cause cancer and diabetes, as well as nervous system and hormonal problems," said Nancy Stoner, director of NRDC's Clean Water Project. "And the EPA is required by law to protect the public from toxic pollutants like dioxins. This decision shows the agency under this administration has forgotten its mission."<ref>[http://www.nrdc.org/media/pressreleases/031017.asp EPA Will Not Protect Public From Dioxins In Land-Applied Sewage Sludge], Natural Resources Defense Council, October 17, 2003, Accessed May 12, 2011.</ref>

and

:"EPA traditionally limits public exposure to chemicals if they pose a cancer risk of one per 1 million Americans," Stoner explained. "But the risk is 1 in 10,000 from the dioxins we already have in our bodies. And cancer isn't the only problem. The EPA itself has said that the non-cancer risks of dioxins are so high that it can't even calculate a 'safe' or acceptable level of exposure. To us that says EPA should keep dioxins out of our food, and that means, among other things, regulating sewage sludge."<ref>[http://www.nrdc.org/media/pressreleases/031017.asp EPA Will Not Protect Public From Dioxins In Land-Applied Sewage Sludge], Natural Resources Defense Council, October 17, 2003, Accessed May 12, 2011.</ref>

In 2003, NRDC recommended to the EPA:

:* "Prohibit sludge application on land used for pasture or growing forage food for livestock that will be consumed by humans;
:* "Set a dioxins limit at 1 in one million cancer risk to protect public health;
:* "Ban land application to sites where dioxin levels in the soil(sic) 1 parts per trillion (based on ecological risks that cannot be alleviated by management measures, such as banning application to pasture lands, which would reduce risks to human health); and
:* "Require pollution prevention programs for sludges with detectible amounts of dioxins."<ref>[http://www.nrdc.org/media/pressreleases/031017.asp EPA Will Not Protect Public From Dioxins In Land-Applied Sewage Sludge], Natural Resources Defense Council, October 17, 2003, Accessed May 12, 2011.</ref>

==References==
<div><references/></div>

== Other Related SourceWatch Resources ==
* [[Big Green]]
* [[EPA]]
* [[Natural Resources Defense Council]]
* [[Environmental Protection]]

==External links==
* [http://www.nrdc.org/media/pressreleases/020703.asp This Just In: Sludge May Be Hazardous to Your Health], Natural Resources Defense Council, July 3, 2002.

[[Category:Environment]]

Testing and progress reporting ...


'''Bio-coal''' - Georgia will be site of new bio-coal venture by Vega (Wyoming company) but PR Newswire details are very sketchy. Inquiry sent.


Working on this entry
'''Coal education controversy. '''

A teachers organization is questioning the free distribution of a book called Coal [http://shop.scholastic.com/webapp/wcs/stores/servlet/ProductDisplay?productId=66978&langId=-1&storeId=10001&catalogId=10004# Coal], by [http://www.takeittoheartradio.com/ Christin Ditchfield]. The organization, [http://www.rethinkingcurriculum.org Rethinking Curriculum] says the American Coal Foundation financed the book. It was published by Scholastic Inc. and sent to 50,000 elementary teachers in nine states: Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Nevada, California, Colorado, Ohio and Pennsylvania.



Inquiry in to Corps of Engineers May 6 for updated listings from national dam inventory.

'''
COAL SLURRY IMPOUNDMENTS''' (Listed in priority of size / millions of gallons)

{| {{table}}
| align="center"|'''LATTITUDE'''
| align="center"|'''LONGITUDE'''
| align="center"|'''IMPOUNDMENT_NAME'''
| align="center"|'''CITY'''
| align="center"|'''STATE'''
| align="center"|'''ZIP'''
| align="center"|'''COUNTY'''
| align="center"|'''HEIGHT'''
| align="center"|'''GALS (Mil)'''
|-
| 37° 55' 08||81° 29' 10||Brushy Fork Coal Impoundment||PETTUS||WV||25140||RALEIGH||900||8,100
|-
| 39 ° 57' 59||80 ° 24' 34||Bailey Mine Slurry Impoundment Dam||WEST FINLEY||PA||||GREENE||315||7,100
|-
| 37° 37' 10||81° 57' 30||Ben Creek Slurry Impoundment||||WV||25621||MINGO||390||5,200
|-
| 37° 40' 03||82° 05' 03||Ragland Coal Refuse Impoundment||RAGLAND||WV||25696||MINGO||345||4,700
|-
| 37° 32' 01||81° 30' 04||Smith Branch Refuse Facility||PINEVILLE||WV||24874||WYOMING||485||4,480
|-
| 38°01'56||81°45'29||Jake Gore Slurry Impoundment||||WV||25130||BOONE||650||4,300
|-
| 37 ° 49' 11||82 ° 18' 44||Aldrich Branch Coal Refuse Impoundment||||WV||25676||MINGO||270||4,200
|-
| N/A||N/A||Maynard Branch Slurry Impoundment||DUNLOW||WV||25511||WAYNE||262||4,100
|-
| 37° 43' 51" ||88° 20' 56"||Hamilton 1 Slurry||SPRING GROVE||KY||||UNION||60||4,075
|-
| 37° 4' 15"||88° 18' 4"||Hamilton 1 Slurry||SPRING GROVE||KY||||UNION||60||4,075
|-
| 37° 39'37||82°11' 50||Sprouse Creek Slurry Impoundment||LOBATA||WV||25691||MINGO||625||4,000
|-
| 37° 24' 13"||83° 12' 55"||Rowdy Branch Dam||DICE||KY||||PERRY||20||3,900
|-
| 37 ° 45' 0"||83° 12' 3"||Delbarton Impoundment||DELBARTON||WV||25670||MINGO||1520||3,200
|-
| 37° 50' 26"||81° 37' 03"||Rocklick Branch Refuse Impoundment||GREENWOOD||WV||25010||BOONE||390||3,000
|-
| 38° 01' 15"||81° 43' 33"||Chesterfield Preparation Plant||UNEEDA||WV||25130||BOONE||500||2,950
|-
| 37°52'03"||81°31'02"||Shumate Coal Refuse Disposal Facility||SUNDIAL||WV||25140||RALEIGH||385||2,800
|-
| 37° 23' 28"||81° 18' 06"||Tolliver Branch Coal Refuse Dam||MC COMAS||WV||24747||MERCER||297||2,700
|-
| 38°07'10"||81°42' 28"||Indian Creek Coal Refuse Dam||Peytona||WV||||Boone||350||2,800
|-
| 38°07\'28||81°42\'28||Crooked Run Impoundment||||WV||25154||BOONE||350||2,800
|-
| 36° 58 \' 5\" ||83° 17 \' 4\"\"||Half Mile Slurry Impoundment||||KY||||LESLIE||200||2,800
|-
| 37° 45 \' 41\"||82° 40 \' 3\"\"||Lackey Branch Impoundment||||KY||||JOHNSON||25||2,608
|-
| 38° 09\' 02||82° 20\' 41||Trace Branch Slurry Impoundment||EAST LYNN||WV||25512||WAYNE||247||2,300
|-
| 37°12\'39||81°34\'16||Dalton\'s Branch Coal Refuse Dam||SQUIRE||WV||24884||MCDOWELL||305||2,300
|-
| 37° 54\' 28||81° 38\' 41||Jarrells Branch Refuse Impoundment||WHARTON||WV||25204||BOONE||385||2,300
|-
| 38°52\'53||80°09\'33||Upshur Complex Prep Plant||TALLMANSVILLE||WV||26237||UPSHUR||185||2,300
|-
| 37°22\'20||81°33\'05||Grapevine Branch Impoundment Pond 2||GARY||WV||24836||MCDOWELL||510||2,240
|-
| 37° 33\' 57||81° 27\' 18||Itmann Prep Plant||ITMANN||WV||24874||WYOMING||344||2,000
|-
| 37° 29 \' 22\"||82° 10 \' 34\"\"||Bear Hollow Impoundment||PHELPS||KY||||PIKE||100||2,054
|-
| 37° 14 \' 14\"||82° 46 \' 54\"\"||Mill Creek Impoundment||DEANE||KY||||LETCHER||135||1,900
|-
| 40 ° 8 \' 51||80 ° 3 \' 37||Mine No. 84-Slurry Pond #6 Tailings||EIGHTY FOUR||PA||||WASHINGTON||162||1,900
|-
| 39°24\'24||80°22\'57||Nolan Run Slurry Impoundment||LUMBERPORT||WV||26386||HARRISON||133||1,800
|-
| 37° 25 \' 45\"||82° 31 \' 59\"\"||Chapperal Impoundment||PIKEVILLE||KY||||PIKE||400||1,700
|-
| 37°44\'42||81°32\'15||Upper Mill Branch Impoundment||KOPPERSTON||WV||24854||WYOMING||810||1,700
|-
| 38°06\'40||81°51\'10||Slippery Gut Slurry Impoundment||DANVILLE||WV||25053||BOONE||280||1,700
|-
| 38°23\'17||81°02\'05||Big Branch Coal Refuse Facility||BICKMORE||WV||25019||CLAY||260||1,600
|-
| 37° 26 \' 29\"||82° 9 \' 59\"\"||Dotson Fork Impoundment||JAMBOREE||KY||||PIKE||75||1,600
|-
| 37° 12\' 25||81° 38\' 52||Amonate Slurry Dam||VALLSCREEK||WV||24815||MCDOWELL||375||1,600
|-
| 39°39\'46||80°16\'24||Building Run Refuse Impoundment||BLACKSVILLE||WV||26570||MONONGALIA||217||1,600
|-
| 39 ° 50 \' 5||79 ° 56 \' 35||Robena #4 Slurry||GREENSBORO||PA||||GREENE||135||1,600
|-
| 37° 55\' 18||81° 36\' 39||Spruce Lick Refuse Impoundment||TWILIGHT||WV||25204||BOONE||420||1,560
|-
| 37° 41 \' 54\"||88° 6 \' 27\"\"||Hamilton 2 Freshwater||MORGANFIELD||KY||||UNION||20||1,400
|-
| 37° 54\' 35||81° 50\' 03||Monclo Refuse Dam/Impoundment||SHARPLES||WV||25183||LOGAN||450||1,400
|-
| 37° 37\' 26||81° 17\' 09||Killarney Refuse Area Impoundment||EAST GULF||WV||25915||RALEIGH||645||1,300
|-
| 38° 12\' 13||81° 20\' 25||Dunn Hollow Coal Refuse Dam||LONDON||WV||25110||KANAWHA||400||1,280
|-
| 40 ° 58 \' 28||79 ° 8 \' 42||Weisner Hollow Slurry Impoundment||PUNXSUTAWNEY||PA||||JEFFERSON||192||1,200
|-
| 39 ° 40 \' 20||79 ° 59 \' 50||Humphrey #7 Slurry Impoundment||||WV||26501||MONONGALIA||215||1,200
|-
| 40° 12 \' 47\"||80° 58 \' 9\"\"||Dickerson Slurry Dam #3||CADIZ||OH||||HARRISON||54||1,206
|-
| 39 ° 48 \' 12||80 ° 8 \' 56||Cumberland Mine No 1 Refuse-Slurry Pond||WAYNESBURG||PA||||GREENE||290||1,100
|-
| 37°53\'04||81°22\'11||Collins Fork Refuse Dam||CLEAR CREEK||WV||25044||RALEIGH||380||1,000
|-
| 37° 21 \' 46\"||83° 15 \' 52\"\"||Hollybush Dam||ENGLE||KY||||PERRY||66||1,050
|-
| 37°21\'01||81°28\'06||Pageton Prep Plant||PAGETON||WV||24871||MCDOWELL||298||1,000
|-
| 37° 45\' 06||82° 05\' 34||Pine Creek Slurry Impoundment||HOLDEN||WV||25638||LOGAN||285||1,000
|-
| 37°24\'56||81°26\'50||Clark Branch Coal Refuse Dam||KEYSTONE||WV||24852||MCDOWELL||63||1,010
|-
| 37° 34\' 20||81° 34\' 02||Wallace Cabin Branch||PINEVILLE||WV||24874||WYOMING||388||995
|-
| 37° 59\' 38||81° 38\' 06||Lotts Fork Refuse Impoundment||PRENTER||WV||25181||BOONE||354||986
|-
| 37°41\'03||81°49\'32||Lower Elk Creek No. 10 Slurry Impoundment||EMMETT||WV||25611||LOGAN||280||944
|-
| 37°41\'03||81°49\'32||Upper Elk Creek No. 10 Slurry Impoundment||EMMETT||WV||25611||LOGAN||280||944
|-
| 40° 01\' 14||80° 43\' 00||Brown\'s Run Impoundment||BENWOOD||WV||26003||MARSHALL||246||938
|-
| 37°40\'10||81°43\'27||Coal Mountain No. 9-B Slurry Impoundment||COAL MOUNTAIN||WV||24823||WYOMING||400||925
|-
| 37°45\'24||82°04\'45||Holden No. 22 Slurry Impoundment||HOLDEN||WV||25652||LOGAN||330||912
|-
| 39 ° 53 \' 6||80 ° 11 \' 53||Emerald-Slurry Pond #1||WAYNESBURG||PA||||GREENE||310||890
|-
| 37° 39 \' 17\"||87° 48 \' 5\"\"||Camp # 11 Slurry IV||WAVERLY||KY||||UNION||42||886
|-
| 38° 52\' 06||80° 09\' 23||Acid Mine Drainage Abatement Impoundment||TALLMANSVILLE||WV||26237||UPSHUR||91||861
|-
| 38° 23\' 33||80° 44\' 00||Crooked Run Coal Refuse Dam||||WV||26651||NICHOLAS||100||849
|-
| 38°03\'20||81°29\'10||Moccasin Hollow Slurry Impoundment||ORGAS||WV||25193||BOONE||310||840
|-
| 39° 46 \' 60\"||81° 58 \' 0\"\"||Pond 009||CUMBERLAND||OH||||MUSKINGUM||55||815
|-
| 37° 48\' 08||82° 06\' 10||Holden No. 29 Slurry Impoundment||HOLDEN||WV||25649||LOGAN||320||793
|-
| 40°12\'21||80°39\'08||44 Hollow Fine Refuse Disposal Cell||||WV||26030||BROOKE||410||787
|-
| 38° 00\' 58||81° 44\' 31||Elisa Fork Slurry Impoundment||||WV||25130||BOONE||800||769
|-
| 38° 00\' 24||81° 34\' 15||Chess Processing Refuse Disposal Area No. 1||SYLVESTER||WV||25193||BOONE||410||769
|-
| 39 ° 55 \' 59||79 ° 55 \' 59||Isabella Fresh Water Pond||EAST MILLSBORO||PA||||FAYETTE||25||766
|-
| 40 ° 11 \' 26||79 ° 58 \' 51||Maple Creek Slurry Pond#3||NEW EAGLE||PA||||WASHINGTON||115||754
|-
| 37° 28\' 11||81° 14\' 45||Turkey Gap Coal Refuse Dam||DOTT||WV||24736||MERCER||373||723
|-
| ||||Twelvepole Refuse Impoundment||DINGESS||WV||25649||MINGO||211||716
|-
| 39°36\'54||80°17\'08||Harvey Run #1 Slurry Impoundment||FAIRVIEW||WV||26570||MARION||203||706
|-
| 40° 14 \' 46\"||80° 58 \' 51\"\"||Fresh Water Dam||CADIZ||OH||||HARRISON||66||685
|-
| 37° 54\' 53||81° 44\' 10||Plant 1 Coal Refuse Disposal||CLOTHIER||WV||25047||BOONE||270||670
|-
| 39°42\'55||80°17\'59||Blacksville #2 Slurry Impoundment||WANA||WV||26589||MONONGALIA||225||668
|-
| 39°37\'10||79°24\'20||Beaver Creek AMD Impoundment||DAVIS||WV||26260||TUCKER||60||629
|-
| 40 ° 11 \' 31||80 ° 0 \' 27||Maple Creek Silt Pond A||||PA||||WASHINGTON||91||627
|-
| 40 ° 11 \' 31||80 ° 0 \' 27||Maple Creek Slurry Pond #2||NEW EAGLE||PA||||WASHINGTON||91||627
|-
| 37° 57\' 58||81° 38\' 53||Brown\'s Branch Slurry Impoundment||VAN||WV||25181||BOONE||183||619
|-
| 38° 10\' 02||81° 34\' 19||New West Hollow Refuse Disposal Area||WINIFREDE||WV||25107||KANAWHA||190||610
|-
| 40 ° 1 \' 43||80 ° 6 \' 9||Marianna Slurry Home No. 5||MARIANNA||PA||||WASHINGTON||146||592
|-
| 40 ° 1 \' 59||80 ° 6 \' 0||Marianna Sediment Pond Marianna Mine #58||MARIANNA||PA||||WASHINGTON||100||554
|-
| 38°18\'13||81°28\'28||Campbell\'s Creek Slurry Impoundment||CHARLESTON||WV||25306||KANAWHA||360||545
|-
| 36° 53 \' 21\"||83° 6 \' 37\"\"||Abner Fork Slurry Impoundment||||KY||||HARLAN||450||521
|-
| 37° 43 \' 51\"||88° 23 \' 44\"\"||Hamilton 1 Freshwater||SPRING GROVE||KY||||UNION||20||522
|-
| 37° 43 \' 19\"||88° 19 \' 30\"\"||Hamilton 1 Freshwater||SPRING GROVE||KY||||UNION||20||522
|-
| 40 ° 32 \' 39||79 ° 50 \' 47||Harmar Refuse Bank Slurry Pond Tailings||||PA||||ALLEGHENY||410||514
|-
| 39°05\'55||80°11\'02||101 North Hollow Coal Refuse Disposal Facility||CENTURY||WV||26201||BARBOUR||130||504
|-
| 37° 1 \' 10\"||83° 20 \' 1\"\"||Robin Branch Dam||CHAPPELL||KY||||LESLIE||92||489
|-
| 37°22\'20||81°33\'05||Grapevine Branch Impoundment Pond 1||GARY||WV||24836||MCDOWELL||430||480
|-
| 37° 20 \' 5\",||83° 10 \' 22\"\"||Harris Branch Slurry Impoundment||BULAN||KY||||PERRY||150||462
|-
| 37° 3 \' 52\"||83° 8 \' 21\"\"||Beech Fork Impoundment||SLEMP||KY||||PERRY||20||456
|-
| 40 ° 11 \' 59||79 ° 59 \' 30||Maple Creek Slurry Pond#1-Old||NEW EAGLE||PA||||WASHINGTON||120||424
|-
| 39°43\'06||80°01\'12||Bowlby Mills AMD Impoundment||MAIDSVILLE||WV||26541||MONONGALIA||85||424
|-
| 36° 40 \' 46\"||84° 12 \' 50\"\"||Bennetts Branch Slurry Impoundment||NEVISDALE||KY||||WHITLEY||440||423
|-
| 39°11\'19||80°03\'54||Little Hackers Creek Slurry Impoundment||PHILIPPI||WV||26416||BARBOUR||73||421
|-
| 36 ° 48 \' 29||83 ° 14 \' 37||Left Fork (Turtle Creek) Impoundme||COALGOOD||KY||||HARLAN||163||384
|-
| 38 ° 25 \' 26||80 ° 36 \' 35||Cowen Mine Complex Coal Refuse Disposal Facility||COWEN||WV||26206||WEBSTER||109||378
|-
| 39° 55 \' 6\"||81° 59 \' 31\"\"||No. 2 Pond||ALLEDONIA||OH||||BELMONT||20||365
|-
| 37° 32 \' 37\"||82° 22 \' 3\"\"||New Ridge Impoundment||META||KY||||PIKE||275||358
|-
| 39° 37\' 09||80° 04\' 29||Sears AMD Impoundment||EVERETTVILLE||WV||26501||MONONGALIA||743||352
|-
| 37 ° 49 \' 42||80 ° 20 \' 49||Left Fork Coal Refuse Impoundment||KERMIT||WV||25674||MINGO||121||336
|-
| 40 ° 27 \' 50||78 ° 42 \' 15||Cambria Slurry Pond #4||EBENSBURG||PA||||CAMBRIA||178||307
|-
| 37° 43 \' 2\"||82° 22 \' 17\"\"||Millstone Branch II Impoundment||HATFIELD||KY||||PIKE||250||326
|-
| 37° 9 \' 35\"||82° 22 \' 21\"\"||Millstone Branch Impoundment||HATFIELD||KY||||PIKE||250||326
|-
| 39 ° 57 \' 54||80 ° 24 \' 44||Bailey Mine Complex Fresh Water Impoundment||WEST FINLEY||PA||||GREENE||164||326
|-
| 39° 3 \' 30\"||82° 15 \' 0\"\"||Slurry #1||LANGSVILLE||OH||||MEIGS||70||326
|-
| 39° 3 \' 30\"||82° 15 \' 0\"\"||Raw Water Impoudment||LANGSVILLE||OH||||MEIGS||65||326
|-
| 35° 13 \' 0\"||85° 33 \' 0\"\"||Fresh Water Lake||||TN||||MARION||30||326
|-
| 37° 12 \' 12\"||83° 11 \' 8\"\"||Four Seam Slurry Impoundment||||KY||||PERRY||115||325
|-
| 39° 8 \' 55\"||82° 28 \' 45\"\"||Refuse Impoundment (Sands Hill Reservoir||HAMDEN||OH||||VINTON||100||325
|-
| 37° 19 \' 39\"||83° 18 \' 25\"\"||Dam No. 5N||||KY||||PERRY||41||325
|-
| 39° 38 \' 30\"||81° 43 \' 10\"\"||Muskingham Refuse||UNIONVILLE||OH||||MUSKINGUM||55||326
|-
| 39° 40 \' 26\"||82° 11 \' 11\"\"||Freshwater Dam||BRISTOL||OH||||PERRY||45||326
|-
| 37 ° 11 \' 32||82 ° 49 \' 15||Clay Hollow Impoundment||||KY||||LETCHER||130||319
|-
| 37° 31 \' 27\"||82° 43 \' 31\"\"||Butler Branch||PRINTER||KY||||FLOYD||40||310
|-
| 37° 23 \' 6\"||82° 27 \' 13\"\"||Hopkins Fork Impoundment||MILLARD||KY||||PIKE||250||293
|-
| 37 ° 44 \' 15||82 ° 37 \' 32||Big Hollow Impoundment||DAVELLA||KY||||MARTIN||65||293
|-
| 39°43\'16||80°17\'28||Hughes Hollow Slurry Impoundment||WANA||WV||26589||MONONGALIA||150||286
|-
| 36 ° 53 \' 10||83 ° 35 \' 11||Little Camp Branch Slurry Impoundm||FIELD||KY||||BELL||35||287
|-
| 40 ° 11 \' 24||80 ° 00 \' 14||Maple Creek Mine Water Treatment Pond||NEW EAGLE||PA||||WASHINGTON||60||286
|-
| 37° 57\' 00||81° 41\' 58||Pond Fork Slurry Impoundment||BOB WHITE||WV||25028||BOONE||290||267
|-
| 37° 28 \' 2\"||82° 17 \' 16\"\"||Cow Branch Impoundment||||KY||||PIKE||120||260
|-
| 37 ° 44 \' 44||82 ° 32 \' 39||Big Branch Impoundment||INEZ||KY||||MARTIN||55||261
|-
| 39°24\'44||80°23\'02||Robinson Run Fresh Water Impoundment||SHINNSTON||WV||26386||HARRISON||65||257
|-
| 40° 13 \' 55\"||80° 59 \' 47\"\"||Lower Supply Dam||CADIZ||OH||||HARRISON||45||254
|-
| 39°37\'10||80°07\'25||Dogwood Lakes AMD Impoundment||CROWN||WV||26501||MONONGALIA||86||252
|-
| 37° 24 \' 2\"||87° 9 \' 46\"\"||Centerprep Slurry||CENTRAL CITY||KY||||OHIO||70||244
|-
| 39 ° 49 \' 51||79 ° 57 \' 15||Robena #6 Refuse||GREENSBORO||PA||||GREENE||115||243
|-
| 36 ° 56 \' 13||83 ° 7 \' 22||Turkeypen Branch Slurry Impoundmen||TOTZ||KY||||HARLAN||100||237
|-
| 37°20\'36||81°38\'35||Barrenshe Branch Fine Coal Refue Disposal Area||CARETTA||WV||24821||MCDOWELL||90||228
|-
| 37° 41 \' 3\"||87° 9 \' 29\"\"||Camp 9 Prep Slurry III||WAVERLY||KY||||UNION||20||228
|-
| 40° 56 \' 56\"||81° 44 \' 33\"\"||Sediment Pond #2||OTSEGO||OH||||MUSKINGUM||33||227
|-
| 39°35\'53||80°03\'09||Flaggy Meadows AMD Impoundment||||WV||26501||MONONGALIA||80||217
|-
| 39°26\'56||80°27\'05||Lowe AMD Impoundment||||WV||26386||HARRISON||70||210
|-
| 39° 37\' 15||80° 17\' 36||Harvey Run #2 Slurry Impoundment||FAIRVIEW||WV||26570||MARION||73||205
|-
| 39°29\'08||80°24\'39||Neely Hollow AMD Impoundment||||WV||26582||MARION||89||205
|-
| 40 ° 27 \' 16||80 ° 18 \' 55||Slurry-Bald Knob Prep Plant||||PA||||ALLEGHENY||65||204
|-
| 39° 34\' 09||80° 19\' 29||Llewellyn AMD Impoundment||MANNINGTON||WV||26582||MARION||120||202
|-
| 37° 17\' 22||81° 25\' 20||Harmon Branch Coal Refuse Disposal Facility||JENKINJONES||WV||24848||MCDOWELL||281||186
|-
| 37°51\'31||81°48\'21||Little White Oak Slurry Impoundment||BLAIR||WV||25022||LOGAN||360||185
|-
| 37 ° 21 \' 46||83 ° 15 \' 52||Wiley Miller Dam||ENGLE||KY||||PERRY||33||179
|-
| 40°00\'50||80°42\'59||Cunningham Hollow Coal Refuse Disposal Facility Stage II||BENWOOD||WV||26003||MARSHALL||151||81
|-
| 39°38\'37||80°00\'08||Arkwright Slurry Impoundment||||WV||26501||MONONGALIA||200||163
|-
| 37° 53\' 20||81° 21\' 29||McGraw Fork Coal Refuse Dam||CLEAR CREEK||WV||25801||RALEIGH||155||173
|-
| 36° 53 \' 2\"||84° 29 \' 57\"\"||Copperas Fork Impoundment||GREENWOOD||KY||||MCCREARY||20||163
|-
| 40 ° 13 \' 5||79 ° 58 \' 59||Mathies Mine Main Slurry Pond Refuse Area Pond #2||FINLEYVILLE||PA||||WASHINGTON||280||158
|-
| 39°31\'30||80°24\'44||Thorne AMD Impoundment||MANNINGTON||WV||26582||MARION||85||147
|-
| 39°41\'15||80°06\'46||Bailey AMD Impoundment||CORE||WV||26529||MONONGALIA||83||146
|-
| 40 ° 24 \' 58||80 ° 18 \' 0||Champion Impoundment||MIDWAY||PA||||WASHINGTON||40||147
|-
| 39° 47 \' 15\"||80° 50 \' 40\"\"||Pond #6||SALEM||OH||||MONROE||25||147
|-
| 37° 40 \' 50\"||87° 48 \' 39\"\"||Camp 9 Prep Slurry I||WAVERLY||KY||||UNION||48||145
|-
| 37° 39 \' 6\"||87° 47 \' 34\"\"||Camp # 11 Slurry I||WAVERLY||KY||||UNION||48||145
|-
| 40 ° 12 \' 35||79 ° 58 \' 24||Mathies Refuse Area Sediment Pond #2 Slurry||FINLEYVILLE||PA||||WASHINGTON||300||133
|-
| 37 ° 15 \' 10||82 ° 13 \' 49||Three Mile Impoundment||||KY||||PIKE||200||130
|-
| 37 ° 40 \' 21||82 ° 20 \' 27||Long Fork Slurry Impoundment||SIDNEY||KY||||PIKE||150||130
|-
| 36° 55 \' 48\"||84° 49 \' 39\"\"||Freshwater Pond||CORBIN||KY||||KNOX||25||130
|-
| 37 ° 16 \' 15||87 ° 13 \' 43||River Queen Slurry||CENTRAL CITY||KY||||MUHLENBERG||20||130
|-
| 36 ° 43 \' 19||83 ° 25 \' 4||Beartree Branch Slurry Impoundment||ALVA||KY||||HARLAN||160||114
|-
| 39° 47 \' 6\"||80° 50 \' 57\"\"||Pond #7||SALEM||OH||||MONROE||27||107
|-
| 39 ° 59 \' 56||79 ° 57 \' 41||LaBelle Slurry Pond #3 Tailings||BELLE VERNON||PA||||FAYETTE||245||103
|-
| 39° 12\' 04||79°24\'02||Elk Run Fresh Water Impoundment||||WV||26717||GRANT||195||103
|-
| 36 ° 59 \' 54||83 ° 25 \' 11||Adams Fork Slurry Impoundment||HELTON||KY||||LESLIE||270||97
|-
| 37° 38 \' 52\"||87° 47 \' 46\"\"||Camp # 11 Slurry II||WAVERLY||KY||||UNION||20||98
|-
| 37° 40 \' 57\"||87° 49 \' 1\"\"||Camp 9 Prep Freshwater||WAVERLY||KY||||UNION||20||98
|-
| 36° 49 \' 11\"||83° 14 \' 57\"\"||Right Fork (Turtle Creek) Impoundm||COALGOOD||KY||||HARLAN||10||98
|-
| 39° 45 \' 0\"||81° 39 \' 60\"\"||Tiltons Run Impoundment||RENROCK||OH||||MUSKINGUM||20||91
|-
| 39 ° 59 \' 38||79 ° 58 \' 47||Slurry Pond #2 La Belle Site||BELLE VERNON||PA||||FAYETTE||185||86
|-
| 37° 20 \' 12\"||83° 10 \' 42\"\"||Sediment Dam||BULAN||KY||||PERRY||40||85
|-
| 36° 52 \' 38\"||82° 9 \' 51\"\"||Louder Creek Slurry Impoundment||HOLMES MILL||KY||||HARLAN||40||84
|-
| 36° 9 \' 0\"||84° 25 \' 26\"\"||Gum Branch Slurry Dam||||TN||||ANDERSON||150||814
|-
| 36° 53 \' 53\"||83° 35 \' 22\"\"||Little Camp Branch Dam||FIELD||KY||||BELL||40||82
|-
| 39°36\'19||80°17\'44||Loveridge Fresh Water Impoundment #1||FAIRVIEW||WV||26570||MARION||65||78
|-
| 37°24\'06||81°32\'01||Elkhorn Creek Coal Refuse Dam||SUPERIOR||WV||24801||MCDOWELL||157||76
|-
| 39°26\'42||80°21\'18||Edgell AMD Impoundment||WYATT||WV||26463||HARRISON||57||74
|-
| 39°39\'30||80°06\'10||Lemley Siding AMD Impoundment||CORE||WV||26529||MONONGALIA||45||73
|-
| 39 ° 49 \' 59||79 ° 55 \' 59||Robena Sedimentation Pond||GREENSBORO||PA||||GREENE||90||71
|-
| 37° 38 \' 14\"||87° 48 \' 32\"\"||Camp # 11 Freshwater||WAVERLY||KY||||UNION||26||72
|-
| 37 ° 21 \' 23||82 ° 36 \' 38||Enterprise Impoundment||ROBINSON CREEK||KY||||PIKE||200||70
|-
| 40 ° 8 \' 51||80 ° 3 \' 45||Eighty Four Pond 5 Abandoned Slurry Tailings||||PA||||WASHINGTON||79||70
|-
| 37° 41 \' 9\"||87° 48 \' 50\"\"||Camp 9 Prep Slurry II||WAVERLY||KY||||UNION||20||67
|-
| 37° 43\' 34||81° 59\' 00||Rockhouse Mitigation Pond||||WV||25601||LOGAN||50||66
|-
| 37° 19 \' 50\"||83° 10 \' 35\"\"||Upper South Fork Dam||BULAN||KY||||PERRY||59||65
|-
| 37 ° 33 \' 12||83 ° 30 \' 1||Slurry Impoundment 401||||KY||||BREATHITT||50||65
|-
| 39° 44 \' 5\"||82° 11 \' 5\"\"||Rehobeth||REHOBOTH||OH||||PERRY||20||65
|-
| 40° 13 \' 31\"||80° 59 \' 41\"\"||Upper Supply Dam||CADIZ||OH||||HARRISON||10||65
|-
| 38° 55 \' 42\"||82° 34 \' 1\"\"||Double Cell Impoundment||OAK HILL||OH||||JACKSON||30||62
|-
| 39°32\'50||80°24\'10||Nailler Slurry Impoundment||MANNINGTON||WV||26582||MARION||67||61
|-
| 36° 55 \' 44\"||84° 48 \' 48\"\"||Pond of Reeds||CORBIN||KY||||KNOX||10||59
|-
| 39° 43 \' 21\"||80° 53 \' 26\"\"||No. 1 Slurry||CLARINGTON||OH||||MONROE||20||58
|-
| 39° 43 \' 0\"||80° 52 \' 55\"\"||NO. 3 SLURRY||CLARINGTON||OH||||MONROE||17||58
|-
| 37° 48 \' 8\"||82° 24 \' 35\"\"||Holty Branch Impoundment||PILGRIM||KY||||MARTIN||240||570
|-
| 40° 15 \' 0\"||81° 27 \' 0\"\"||Pond 001||SALEM||OH||||TUSCARAWAS||22||56
|-
| 37° 43 \' 50\"||83° 59 \' 25\"\"||Puckett Impoundment||IRVINE||KY||||ESTILL||40||55
|-
| 39° 56 \' 38\"||81° 25 \' 4\"\"||Meigs Phillips Dam||||OH||||BELMONT||60||52
|-
| 39°42\'30||80°17\'46||Blacksville #2 Fresh Water Impoundment||||WV||26589||MONONGALIA||58||51
|-
| 37° 37 \' 54\"||82° 21 \' 59\"\"||Sidney Impoundment||SIDNEY||KY||||PIKE||135||48
|-
| 37° 35 \' 54\"||82° 28 \' 26\"\"||Scott\'s Branch Impoundment||||KY||||PIKE||80||48
|-
| 37° 0 \' 30\"||83° 19 \' 47\"\"||Britton Branch Slurry Impoundment||CHAPPELL||KY||||LESLIE||60||49
|-
| 37 ° 3 \' 12||83 ° 10 \' 9||Saddle Fork Slurry Impoundment||LEATHERWOOD||KY||||PERRY||80||456
|-
| 40° 15 \' 53\"||81° 59 \' 7\"\"||Pond 47||TUNNEL HILL||OH||||COSHOCTON||30||46
|-
| 40° 15 \' 3\"||81° 27 \' 2\"\"||Pond 001||PEOLI||OH||||TUSCARAWAS||25||46
|-
| 39°29\'45||80°22\'45||Whetstone AMD Impoundment||MANNINGTON||WV||26582||MARION||80||44
|-
| 39°36\'30||80°17\'47||Loveridge Freshwater Impoundment #3||FAIRVIEW||WV||26570||MARION||535||43
|-
| 40 ° 6 \' 59||79 ° 45 \' 1||SLURRY POND||||PA||||FAYETTE||65||42
|-
| 39°36\'28||80°17\'56||Loveridge Freshwater Impoundment #2||FAIRVIEW||WV||26570||MARION||45||42
|-
| 40° 1 \' 60\"||80° 57 \' 41\"\"||Coal Refuse||LAMIRA||OH||||BELMONT||40||42
|-
| 39°40\'00||80°16\'18||Sediment Pond #5||BLACKSVILLE||WV||26521||MONONGALIA||35||41
|-
| 40° 8 \' 35\"||81° 8 \' 35\"\"||Pond E-1||OTSEGO||OH||||MUSKINGUM||20||41
|-
| 39°06\'34||80°09\'05||Indian Fork Pond 2||CENTURY||WV||26238||BARBOUR||76||40
|-
| 40° 15 \' 0\"||80° 53 \' 30\"\"||Pond 004||||OH||||JEFFERSON||30||40
|-
| 37° 23 \' 50\"||87° 55 \' 30\"\"||Centerprep Freshwater||CENTRAL CTY||KY||||OHIO||27||39
|-
| 40° 1 \' 33\"||80° 57 \' 44\"\"||Freshwater Impoundment||LAMIRA||OH||||BELMONT||47||36
|-
| 40° 2 \' 2\"||80° 57 \' 41\"\"||Loy-McFarland||LAMIRA||OH||||BELMONT||49||35
|-
| 40 ° 6 \' 58||80 ° 3 \' 58||Eighty Four Steel Pond at the Prep Plant||EIGHTY FOUR||PA||||WASHINGTON||10||34
|-
| 37° 13 \' 47\"||83° 7 \' 17\"\"||Buckeye Creek Impoundment||JEFF||KY||||PERRY||300||32
|-
| 37° 25 \' 43\"||82° 53 \' 28\"\"||Four Mile Branch Impoundment||MOUSIE||KY||||KNOTT||115||33
|-
| 37 ° 32 \' 48||82 ° 24 \' 56||Big Groundhog Impoundment||META||KY||||PIKE||85||258
|-
| 40 ° 24 \' 58||80 ° 16 \' 59||Champion Slurry||MIDWAY||PA||||WASHINGTON||66||33
|-
| 37° 45 \' 17\"||87° 57 \' 4\"\"||Ohio # 11 Slurry||UNIONTOWN||KY||||UNION||55||33
|-
| 37° 28 \' 54\"||83° 13 \' 1\"\"||Fugate Fork Slurry Impoundment||CLAYHOLE||KY||||BREATHITT||50||33
|-
| 36° 13 \' 35\"||84° 10 \' 46\"\"||Refuse Area #3 Slurry Dam||||TN||||ANDERSON||20||33
|-
| 37° 45 \' 41\"||87° 57 \' 10\"\"||Ohio # 11 Freshwater||UNIONTOWN||KY||||UNION||15||33
|-
| 40° 21 \' 0\"||80° 52 \' 30\"\"||Pond 001||||OH||||JEFFERSON||33||30
|-
| 37° 37 \' 10\"||81° 57 \' 30\"\"||Ben Creek #1 Freshwater Impoundment||||WV||25621||MINGO||41||29
|-
| 39°27\'33||80°26\'05||Margaret Fresh Water Impoundment||||WV||26448||HARRISON||50||28
|-
| 39 ° 49 \' 31||79 ° 58 \' 25||Robena-Colvin Shaft Sedimentation Pond||GREENSBORO||PA||||GREENE||43||28
|-
| 39°06\'48||80°08\'42||Indian Fork Pond 1||CENTURY||WV||26416||BARBOUR||302||26
|-
| 39 ° 43 \' 31||80 ° 53 \' 26||Alum Run Disposal||||OH||||MONROE||15||24
|-
| 39° 9 \' 0\"||82° 28 \' 60\"\"||Fresh Water Impoundment||WELLSTON||OH||||VINTON||26||23
|-
| 39° 47 \' 30\"||80° 50 \' 18\"\"||Slurry Impoundment||CLARINGTON||OH||||MONROE||19||23
|-
| 40 ° 11 \' 18||79 ° 58 \' 37||Silt Pond B Sediment Basin||||PA||||WASHINGTON||43||20
|-
| 40 ° 14 \' 38||80 ° 55 \' 18||Lamborne #3||||OH||||HARRISON||30||20
|-
| 39 ° 58 \' 2||80 ° 24 \' 34||Bailey Sedimentation Pond No 2||WEST FINLEY||PA||||GREENE||39||19
|-
| 40 ° 32 \' 10||79 ° 50 \' 47||Harmar Storage Pond #4 Slurry Impoundement||||PA||||ALLEGHENY||39||18
|-
| 37° 7 \' 19\"||82° 55 \' 42\"\"||Oldhouse Branch Impoundment||ROXANA||KY||||LETCHER||260||16
|-
| 37 ° 44 \' 28||82 ° 28 \' 10||Peter Cave Dam||PILGRIM||KY||||MARTIN||60||16
|-
| 40 ° 33 \' 58||79 ° 27 \' 0||Treatment Pond Cleaning Plant||MAYSVILLE||PA||||ARMSTRONG||50||16
|-
| 37° 23 \' 1\"||82° 48 \' 33\"\"||Big Branch Impoundment||RAVEN||KY||||KNOTT||25||16
|-
| 37° 6 \' 50\"||83° 19 \' 51\"\"||Left Fork Slurry Impoundment||WENDOVER||KY||||LESLIE||20||16
|-
| 39° 54 \' 32\"\"||80° 58 \' 60\"||Water Treatment Pond #10||ALLEDONIA||OH||||BELMONT||23||15
|-
| 37 ° 50 \' 0||82 ° 15 \' 27||Spruce Fork Coal Refuse Impoundment||LENORE||WV||25671||MINGO||145||14
|-
| 39°25\'45||80°24\'04||Main North AMD Impoundment||WYATT||WV||26463||HARRISON||55||15
|-
| 39 ° 30 \' 02||80 ° 10 \' 44||#41 Slurry Impoundment||BARRACKVILLE||WV||26559||MARION||70||12
|-
| 39°30\'02||80°10\'44||Barrackville Coal Refuse Disposal Site||BARRACKVILLE||WV||26559||MARION||70||12
|-
| 40° 14 \' 26\"||81° 2 \' 32\"\"||Brushy Fork Dam #7||CADIZ||OH||||HARRISON||48||11
|-
| 39 ° 57 \' 56||80 ° 24 \' 36||Bailey Sedimentation Pond No 1||WEST FINLEY||PA||||GREENE||32||11
|-
| 40 ° 8 \' 48||80 ° 3 \' 45||Eighty Four Pond 7 Debris Control||EIGHTY FOUR||PA||||WASHINGTON||36||11
|-
| 36 ° 52 \' 27||83 ° 35 \' 15||Sims Fork Dam||FIELD||KY||||BELL||60||10
|-
| 39 ° 53 \' 1||80 ° 11 \' 46||Emerald-Sedimentation Pond 11||||PA||||GREENE||25||10
|-
| 40° 14 \' 56\"||80° 55 \' 37\"\"||Lamborne #4||||OH||||HARRISON||25||10
|-
| ||||Freshwater Impoundment||||WV||||MINGO||61||8
|-
| 40 ° 32 \' 49||79 ° 52 \' 14||Treatment Pond 14-North Impoundment||||PA||||ALLEGHENY||42||8
|-
| 38° 55 \' 42\"||82° 34 \' 10\"\"||Cross Valley Water Impoundment||OAK HILL||OH||||JACKSON||20||8
|-
| 39 ° 55 \' 59||79 ° 55 \' 59||Isabella Slurry Pond||EAST MILLSBORO||PA||||FAYETTE||25||7
|-
| 40 ° 24 \' 58||80 ° 18 \' 0||Champion Slurry Duck Pond||MIDWAY||PA||||WASHINGTON||25||7
|-
| 37° 25 \' 49\"||82° 52 \' 57\"\"||Four Mile Branch Sediment||MOUSIE||KY||||KNOTT||75||3
|-
| 39 ° 38 \' 10||81 ° 42 \' 50||Waterloo Recycling Pond||UNIONVILLE||OH||||MUSKINGUM||22||0
|}

{{stub}}{{CoalSwarm}}'''Chitrangi Power Project''' is a 3,600 megawatt (MW) coal-fired power station currently under construction by [[Chitrangi Power Private]] Ltd, which was previously known as Madhya Pradesh Power Generation Private Limited, a wholly owned subsidiary of [[Reliance Power]]. The project is located at Chitrangi Tehsil, Singrauli District in Madhya Pradesh.<ref name="Chitrangi">[http://www.reliancepower.co.in/business_areas/power_projects/coal_based_projects/chitrangi.htm "Chitrangi Power Project"], Reliance Power website, accessed May 2011.</ref>

Reliance Power states that coal for the project would "be sourced from captive coal mines allocated to the company as well as from linkages which the Government may allocate for the project. The approval for using captive coal from the Sasan Coal mines located adjacent to the project has already been given by the Government of India."<ref name="Chitrangi"/>

The company states that the project would comprise 6 x 660MW super-critical units and is scheduled to be completed "towards the end of the year 2013". The estimated project cost is US$ 4billion. The company states that "the financial closure process for the project has already begun and it is expected that the project would be financed at a debt-equity ratio of 75:25."<ref name="Chitrangi"/>

==Articles and resources==
===References===
{{reflist|2}}

===Related SourceWatch articles===
*[[India and coal]]

===External resources===


===External articles===


[[Category:Proposed coal plants in Madhya Pradesh]]
[[Category:Proposed coal plants in India]]
[[Category:Proposed coal plants in Asia]]
[[Category:India]]

{{stub}}{{CoalSwarm}}'''Butibori Power Project''' is a 600 megawatt (MW) coal-fired power station of which the "first phase" 300MW unit is currently being constructed by [[Vidarbha Industries Power]] Limited (VIPL) a subsidiary of [[Reliance Power]]. The power station is being built at the Maharashtra Industrial Development Corporation (MIDC) area in Nagpur, Maharashtra. Reliance Power, states that 51% of the power from the first 300MW unit will be supplied to the industrial consumers with the remainder sold on contract.<ref name="Butibori">[http://www.reliancepower.co.in/business_areas/power_projects/coal_based_projects/butibori.htm "Butibori Power Project"], Reliance Power website, accessed May 2011.</ref>

Reliance power states that coal for the project would be "supplied by [[Western Coalfields]] Limited (WCL) and would be transported by the Railways. The water requirements for the power plant have been allocated from Vadgaon Dam on the Vena River in the Nagpur District."<ref name="Butibori"/>

==Articles and resources==
===References===
{{reflist|2}}

===Related SourceWatch articles===
*[[India and coal]]

===External resources===


===External articles===


[[Category:Proposed coal plants in Maharashtra]]
[[Category:Proposed coal plants in India]]
[[Category:Proposed coal plants in Asia]]
[[Category:India]]

{{stub}}{{CoalSwarm}}'''Nabinagar I power station''' is a 1,000 megawatt (MW) coal-fired power station proposed by a joint venture between the Ministry of Railways and the [[National Thermal Power Corporation]].<ref>National Thermal Power Corporation, [https://www.ntpc.co.in/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=27&Itemid=76&lang=en "Future Capacity Additions"], National Thermal Power Corporation website, accessed May 2011.</ref>

The proposed plant would comprise four 250MW generating units and be used to supply demand from the government owned Railways <ref>[http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2009-07-31/news/28422455_1_power-plant-coaches-and-wagons-nabinagar "Railways to set up 1000 MW power plant in Nabinagar"], ''Economic Times of India'', July 31, 2009.</ref> The joint venture project wilkl be developed by [[Bhartiya Rail Bijli Company]] limited with NTPC having 74% equity in the project and the Ministry of Railways the remaining 26%.<ref>[http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/budget09/railway-budget/news-and-analysis/railway-budget-09-10-railways-to-set-up-1000-mw-power-plant-with-ntpc/articleshow/4734585.cms "Railway Budget 09-10: Railways to set up 1,000 MW power plant with NTPC"], ''Economic Times of India'', July 3, 2009.</ref>

==Articles and resources==
===References===
{{reflist|2}}

===Related SourceWatch articles===
*[[India and coal]]

===External resources===


===External articles===


[[Category:Proposed coal plants in Bihar]]
[[Category:Proposed coal plants in India]]
[[Category:Proposed coal plants in Asia]]
[[Category:India]]

{{stub}}{{#badges: CoalSwarm|Navbar-Indiacoal}}'''East Coast Energy''' is a private Indian company proposing the construction of the 2,864 megawatt [[Bhavanapadu Thermal Power Project]] near Kakarapalli Village in Andhra Pradesh, India.</ref> NTPC describes itself as "the largest thermal power generating company in the country".<ref name="InstCoal">National Thermal Power Corporation, [https://www.ntpc.co.in/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=21&Itemid=83&lang=en "Coal Based Power Stations"], National Thermal Power Corporation website, accessed June 2010.</ref>

==Contact details==
7-1-24, B Block, 5th Floor, Roxana Towers,<br>
Green Lands, Begumpet<br>
Hyderabad, 500016 Andhra Pradesh, India<br>
Phone: +91 40 66570665<br>
Fax: +91 40 66570666<br>
Website: http://www.eastcoastenergy.in/

==Articles and resources==
===References===
{{reflist|2}}

===Related SourceWatch articles===
*[[India and coal]]
*[[Sri Lanka and coal]]

[[Category:Power companies and agencies in India]]
[[Category:India]]

{{#badges: ToxicSludge}}'''Natchez Wastewater Treatment Plant''' recently produced its first batch of biosolids made from decontaminated and dried out [[sewage sludge]]. <ref> [http://www.therepublic.com/view/story/edce5c4e5ad54ea49a5d6ea72e2e0074/MS--Natchez-Biosolids/ Natchez plant converts sewer sludge into a recycled product that can be sold as a fertilizer], The Republic website, Accessed May 9, 2011.</ref>

==Toxic Sewage Sludge Given Away as "Organic Biosolids Compost"==
In 2009 a major controversy erupted in San Francisco when the [[Center for Food Safety]] and the [[Organic Consumers Association]] called on the SFPUC to end its give-away of toxic [[sewage sludge]] as free "organic [[biosolids]] compost" to gardeners. A March 4, 2010, demonstration at City Hall by the OCA forced a temporary halt to the program. (See articles below)<ref>Heather Knight, [http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2009/09/27/BAAK19SC1J.DTL Nonprofit calls PUC's compost toxic sludge], San Francisco Chronicle, September 27, 2009.</ref> <ref>Barry Estabrook, [http://www.theatlantic.com/food/archive/2009/12/free-compost-or-toxic-sludge/31024/ Free Compost--Or Toxic Sludge?], The Atlantic, December 1, 2009</ref><ref>Anna Werner, [http://cbs5.com/video/?id=62619@kpix.dayport.com Concern Over SF Compost Made from Sewage Sludge], CBS Channel 5, March 3, 2010</ref><ref>Leora Broydo Vestel, http://greeninc.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/04/09/food-groups-clash-over-compost-sludge/ Food Groups Clash Over Compost Sludge, New York Times Green Inc. blog, April 9 2010.</ref> <ref>Chris Roberts, [http://sfappeal.com/news/2010/03/farmers-call-pucs-shit-will.php Farmers Call PUC's Shit, Will Dump it on City Hall Today], San Francisco Appeal, March 4, 2010.</ref> The misleading labeled "organic compost," which the PUC has given away free to gardeners since 2007, is composed of toxic sewage sludge from San Francisco and eight other counties. Very little toxicity testing has been done, but what little has been done is alarming. Just the sludge from San Francisco alone has tested positive for [http://www.epa.gov/ttn/atw/hlthef/dibromo-.html 1,2-Dibromo-3-Chloropropane] (a.k.a. DBCP), [http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0414.htm Isopropyltoluene] (a.k.a. p-cymene or p-isopropyltoluene), [http://www.niehs.nih.gov/health/topics/agents/dioxins/index.cfm Dioxins] and [http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/hl-vs/iyh-vsv/environ/dioxin-eng.php Furans]. <ref> Jill Richardson, [http://www.lavidalocavore.org/diary/3480/what-san-francisco-found-in-their-own-sludge What San Francisco Found in Their Own Sludge], La Vida Locavore blog, April 8, 2010.</ref>


==Articles and resources==

===Related SourceWatch articles===
* [[Sewage sludge]]
* [[Biosolids]]

===References===
<references/>

===External resources===

===External articles===

{{stub}}
[[category: sewage sludge products]]

{{#badges: ToxicSludge}} '''Pathogen''' is a microbe or microorganism such as a virus, bacterium, prion, or fungus that causes disease in its animal or plant host.<ref> [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pathogen#cite_note-0 Pathogen] Wikipedia, Accessed May 9, 2011. </ref> Some of the concern in the debate is about the pathogen content of [[sewage sludge]]. This concern was increased by the tragedy at Walkerton where [[Eschericha coli]] and other pathogens contaminated the drinking water supply of this Ontario town. <ref> [http://www.cbc.ca/news/background/walkerton/ Canada's worst-ever E. coli contamination] CBS News, Accessed May 9, 2011. </ref>
Land application of [[sewage sludge]] can lead to the transfer of pathogens through contamination of ground water, drinking water wells or through food contamination from eating food grown in sludge spread land. <ref>[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2094820/ The case against land application of sewage sludge pathogens], PubMed.gov PMCID: PMC2094820</ref>Dr. Jim Smith, EPA expert on pathogens indicates that: "conceded that the 503 sludge rule never was subjected to a vigorous risk assessment based on the harmful health effects which may arise from bacteria in the sludge." <ref>[http://www.ejnet.org/sludge/nsa/nsa123.html The Terrible Truth], Ejnet.org website, Accessed May 9, 2011</ref>

==Parasites linked to sewage fertiliser==
Blastocystis hominis, stomach bug ususaly found in dirty water emerged in Third World countries and doctors fear that it might be due to the Sydney Water Biosolids Strategy, which turns 180,000 tonnes of human waste into fertiliser yearly. Professor Thomas Borody said that in the past 10 to 15 years, 1500 people had been diagnosed with D. fragilis and Blastocystis in his practice. "If we are going to be using foods grown on crops which use these biosolids it would be good to have a certain level of assurance that they are not carrying pathogens," he said.<ref>[http://www.heraldsun.com.au/news/national/parasites-linked-to-sewage-fertiliser/story-e6frf7l6-1226051817079 Parasites linked to sewage fertiliser], Herald Sun, Sharri Markson, May 08, 2011</ref>


==Articles and resources==


[http://www.jstor.org/pss/25041480 Parasite Ova in anaerobically digested sludge], JSTOR Jounal Vol. 53, No. 8, Aug., 1981
[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20352447 Parasitic contamination in wastewater and sludge samples in Tunisia using three different detection techniques.] PubMed.gov, PMID: 20352447
[http://www.experts.scival.com/jhu/pubDetail.asp?t=pm&id=20352447&n=Vitaliano+Cama&u_id=4098 Parasitic contamination in wastewater and sludge samples in Tunisia using three different detection techniques.], Johns Hopkins University website, Accessed May 9, 2011

===Related SourceWatch articles===
* [[Sewage sludge]]
* [[Biosolids]]

===References===
<references/>

===External resources===

===External articles===

[[Category:Toxic Sludge]]

{{stub}}

[[category: Toxic Sludge]]

{{#badges: ToxicSludge}}'''Emmanuelle Chriqui''' is an actress who was born in Canada to Moroccan parents on December 10, 1977.<ref>[http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0004825/ Emmanuelle Chriqui], Accessed May 8, 2011.</ref> She is perhaps most famous for her role in the TV series Entourage, but she has also appeared in a number of films, including You Don't Mess with the Zohan (2008), Wrong Turn (2003), 100 Girls (2000), and Detroit Rock City (1999).

[[image:EmmanuelleCarsonGromulchpic2.jpg|thumb|left|Alt = Emmanuelle Chriqui at Carson Senior High School at an EMA event, with a bag of Kellogg's sewage sludge based product, Gromulch|Emmanuelle Chriqui at Carson Senior High School at an EMA event, with a bag of Kellogg's sewage sludge based product, Gromulch]]Chriqui's involvement with the [[Environmental Media Association]] placed her in the midst of a scandal. She volunteered as the celebrity mentor to Carson Senior High School's organic garden, appearing at an event there sponsored by [[Kellogg Garden Products]].<ref>[http://www.emmanuelle-chriqui.com/photos/thumbnails.php?album=420 Gardening at Carson Senior High School], Accessed May 8, 2011.</ref> While Kellogg Garden Products sells some organic soil amendments, the majority of its business is selling [[sewage sludge]]-based composts, which are illegal to use in organic farms and gardens. In the picture at left, you can see a bag of Kellogg's [[Gromulch]] with Chriqui. For more on this controversy, see the article on the [[Environmental Media Association]].

== Articles and Resources ==

===Related Sourcewatch pages===
* [[Kellogg Garden Products]]
* [[Sewage sludge]]
* [[Biosolids]]
* [[Ed Begley, Jr.]]
* [[Environmental Media Association]]

===References===
<references/>

=== External Articles ===
* Josh Harkinson, [http://motherjones.com/blue-marble/2011/04/your-organic-compost-really-sewage-sludge-rosario-dawson-kellogg-amend Is Your Organic Compost Really Sewage Sludge?], Mother Jones, April 27, 2011.
* Mitch Anderson, [http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/blogs/manderson/detail?entry_id=87667 Sewage Sludge, Celebrities and School Gardens], San Francisco Chronicle, April 25, 2011.

=== Photos of Chriqui ===
[[image:EmmanuelleCarsonGromulchpic1.jpg|thumb|left| Alt = Emmanuelle Chriqui with [[Debbie Levin]], [[Kathy Kellogg Johnson]], and students at Carson Senior High School with a bag of Kellogg's sludge-based product Gromulch. This photo was downloaded from [http://www.emmanuelle-chriqui.com/photos/thumbnails.php?album=420 Chriqui's website] on May 7, 2011.|Emmanuelle Chriqui with [[Debbie Levin]], [[Kathy Kellogg Johnson]], and students at Carson Senior High School with a bag of Kellogg's sludge-based product Gromulch. This photo was downloaded from [http://www.emmanuelle-chriqui.com/photos/thumbnails.php?album=420 Chriqui's website] on May 7, 2011.]]
[[Image:EmmanuelleCarsonGromulch1.jpg|thumb|left| Alt = Screenshot of the above photo, showing the website it was taken from.|Screenshot of the above photo, showing the website it was taken from.]]
[[Image:Debbie_Levin_Emmanuelle_Chriqui_KK_and_Kids_with_Gromulch3.png|thumb|left| Alt =Another photo of Chriqui, Levin, and Kellogg Johnson with children at the same event.|Another photo of Chriqui, Levin, and Kellogg Johnson with children at the same event.]]
[[Image:Debbie Levin Emmanuelle Chriqui KK and Kids with Gromulch.png|thumb|left| Alt = Screenshot of the photo above, showing it was taken from the Yes to Carrots Facebook page|Screenshot of the photo above, showing it was taken from the Yes to Carrots Facebook page. Screenshot taken May 8, 2011.]]
[[Image:EmmanuelleCarsonGromulch2.jpg|thumb|left|Alt = Screenshot of photo of Emmanuelle Chriqui and Gromulch, showing the website it was taken from.|Screenshot of a photo of Emmanuelle Chriqui and Gromulch, showing the website it was taken from.]]
[[Image:Emmanuelle Chriqui and Ido Lefler Kids with Gromulch.png|thumb|left|Alt = Emmanuelle Chriqui and Ido Lefler with Gromulch in the background, from the May 26, 2010 "Gettin' Your Garden On" EMA event at Venice Senior High School.|Emmanuelle Chriqui and Ido Lefler with Gromulch in the background, from the May 26, 2010 "Gettin' Your Garden On" EMA event at Venice Senior High School.]]
[[Image:Debbie Levin and Kathy Kellogg1.png|thumb|left|Alt= Debbie Levin with Kathy Kellogg Johnson and Emmanuelle Chriqui at a school garden event.|Debbie Levin with [[Kathy Kellogg Johnson]] and Emmanuelle Chriqui at a school garden event.]]
[[Image:Emmanuelle Chriqui under Poster of Sludge.png|thumb|left|Emmanuelle Chriqui at an EMA event co-sponsored by Dole and Kellogg. She stands below a poster advertising a Kellogg sludge product, most likely Gromulch.]]
[[Image:Emmanuelle.jpg|thumb|left| Alt = Photo on EMA site of Emmanuelle Chriqui posed with an empty bag of Kellogg sludge compost (likely [[Gromulch]]). Downloaded on May 7, 2011.|Photo on EMA site of Emmanuelle Chriqui posed with an empty bag of Kellogg sludge compost (likely [[Gromulch]]). Downloaded on May 7, 2011.]]
[[Image:CarsonHSscreenshot.jpg|thumb|left|Alt = Screenshot of EMA site with photo of Emmanuelle Chriqui posed with an empty bag of Kellogg sludge compost (likely [[Gromulch]]). Screenshot taken on May 7, 2011.|Screenshot of EMA site with photo of Emmanuelle Chriqui posed with an empty bag of Kellogg sludge compost (likely [[Gromulch]]). Screenshot taken on May 7, 2011.]]

[[category:united States]] [[category:media]] [[category:environment]]

{{#badges: ToxicSludge}}'''Olivia Wilde''' is an actress and producer who was born March 10, 1984 in New York, NY. Her given name at birth was Olivia Jane Cockburn.<ref>[http://www.imdb.com/name/nm1312575/ Olivia Wilde], Accessed May 8, 2011.</ref> She has appeared in the films TRON (2010), The Next Three Days (2010), and Turistas (2006) and the TV series House M.D. and The O.C. Wilde is a member of the [[Environmental Media Association]]'s Young Hollywood Board.<ref>[http://www.ema-online.org/school-gardens-program.php EMA Website on Celebrities Participating in the Garden Program, accessed Apr. 22, 2011]</ref>

[[image:OliviaWildeAmend3.jpg|thumb|left|Alt = Olivia Wilde at Venice Senior High School on May 26, 2010 at an EMA event, with a bag of Kellogg's sewage sludge based product, Amend, at her feet|Olivia Wilde at Venice Senior High School on May 26, 2010 at an EMA event, with a bag of Kellogg's sewage sludge based product, Amend, at her feet]]Wilde's involvement with the [[Environmental Media Association]] placed her in the midst of a scandal. In 2010, she attended EMA's event "Gettin' Your Garden On" at Venice Senior High School's organic garden, sponsored by [[Yes to Carrots]] and [[Kellogg Garden Products]].<ref>[http://cuddy.forumfree.it/?t=46486979 Olivia Wilde @ EMA Garden Project to Promote Organic Food], Accessed May 8, 2011.</ref> While Kellogg Garden Products sells some organic soil amendments, the majority of its business is selling sewage sludge-based composts, which are illegal to use in organic farms and gardens. In the picture at left, you can see a bag of Kellogg's [[Amend]] with Wilde. For more on this controversy, see the article on the [[Environmental Media Association]].

== Articles and Resources ==

===Related Sourcewatch pages===
* [[Kellogg Garden Products]]
* [[Sewage sludge]]
* [[Biosolids]]
* [[Ed Begley, Jr.]]
* [[Environmental Media Association]]

===References===
<references/>

=== External Articles ===
* Josh Harkinson, [http://motherjones.com/blue-marble/2011/04/your-organic-compost-really-sewage-sludge-rosario-dawson-kellogg-amend Is Your Organic Compost Really Sewage Sludge?], Mother Jones, April 27, 2011.
* Mitch Anderson, [http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/blogs/manderson/detail?entry_id=87667 Sewage Sludge, Celebrities and School Gardens], San Francisco Chronicle, April 25, 2011.

=== Additional Photos of Wilde ===
* [[Media:OliviaWildeAmend.jpg]]: Olivia Wilde at Venice Senior High School on May 26, 2010 with a bag of Kellogg's Amend. Photo taken from [http://cuddy.forumfree.it/?t=46486979 http://cuddy.forumfree.it/?t=46486979] on May 8, 2011.
* [[Media:OliviaWildeAmend2.jpg]]: A second picture of Olivia Wilde at the same event, also with a bag of Kellogg's Amend, and also taken from [http://cuddy.forumfree.it/?t=46486979 http://cuddy.forumfree.it/?t=46486979] on May 8, 2011.
* [[Media:OliviaWildeandKathyKellogg.jpg]]: Olivia Wilde with [[Kathy Kellogg Johnson]] at Venice Senior High School on May 26, 2010. Photo taken from [http://cuddy.forumfree.it/?t=46486979 http://cuddy.forumfree.it/?t=46486979] on May 8, 2011.
* [[Media:OliviaWildescreenshot.jpg]]: Screenshot of [http://cuddy.forumfree.it/?t=46486979 http://cuddy.forumfree.it/?t=46486979] taken on May 8, 2011, identifying that the Olivia Wilde photos are from EMA's May 26, 2010 event at Venice Senior High School.

[[category:united States]] [[category:media]] [[category:environment]]

{{#badges: ToxicSludge}}'''Rachelle Lefevre''' is a Canadian actress who was born in Montreal on February 1, 1979.<ref>[http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0498956/ Rachelle Lefevre], Accessed May 8, 2011.</ref> She is perhaps best known for her role of Victoria in the 2008 film [[Twilight]].<ref>[http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1099212/fullcredits#cast Twilight], Accessed May 8, 2011.</ref> Lefevre is a member of the [[Environmental Media Association]]'s Young Hollywood Board.<ref>[http://www.ema-online.org/school-gardens-program.php EMA Website on Celebrities Participating in the Garden Program, accessed Apr. 22, 2011]</ref>

[[image:Amend Sewage Sludge with Rachelle LeFevre at Venice HS.png|thumb|left|Alt = Rachelle Lefevre at Venice Senior High School on May 26, 2010 at an EMA event, with a bag of Kellogg's sewage sludge based product, Amend, behind her|Rachelle Lefevre at Venice Senior High School on May 26, 2010 at an EMA event, with a bag of Kellogg's sewage sludge based product, Amend, behind her]]Lefevre's involvement with the [[Environmental Media Association]] placed her in the midst of a scandal. In 2010, she attended EMA's event "Gettin' Your Garden On" at Venice Senior High School's organic garden, sponsored by [[Yes to Carrots]] and [[Kellogg Garden Products]].<ref>[http://www.life.com/image/100995117 Rachelle Lefevre - The EMA's Garden Challenge By Gettin' Your Garden On], Life, Accessed May 8, 2011.</ref> While Kellogg Garden Products sells some organic soil amendments, the majority of its business is selling sewage sludge-based composts, which are illegal to use in organic farms and gardens. In the picture at left, you can see a bag of Kellogg's [[Amend]] behind Lefevre. For more on this controversy, see the article on the [[Environmental Media Association]].

== Articles and Resources ==

===Related Sourcewatch pages===
* [[Kellogg Garden Products]]
* [[Sewage sludge]]
* [[Biosolids]]
* [[Ed Begley, Jr.]]
* [[Environmental Media Association]]

===References===
<references/>

=== External Articles ===
* Josh Harkinson, [http://motherjones.com/blue-marble/2011/04/your-organic-compost-really-sewage-sludge-rosario-dawson-kellogg-amend Is Your Organic Compost Really Sewage Sludge?], Mother Jones, April 27, 2011.
* Mitch Anderson, [http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/blogs/manderson/detail?entry_id=87667 Sewage Sludge, Celebrities and School Gardens], San Francisco Chronicle, April 25, 2011.

[[category:united States]] [[category:media]] [[category:environment]]